The applicability of the urine color scale in pediatric urology.

Aims: To determine the level of agreement between healthcare professionals, patients and their parents/guardians in the interpretation of the urine color scale (UCS) in cases of urinary dysfunction, analyzing the applicability of the scale as a diagnostic tool determining the hydration status.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 5-17-year-old patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and enuresis. The study was conducted in a public healthcare referral center for pediatric urology in the Brazilian state of Bahia between October 2019 and March 2020.

Use of ChatGPT in Urology and its Relevance in Clinical Practice: Is it useful?

Purpouse: One of the many artificial intelligence based tools that has gained popularity is the Chat-Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT). Due to its popularity, incorrect information provided by ChatGPT will have an impact on patient misinformation. Furthermore, it may cause misconduct as ChatGPT can mislead physicians on the decision-making pathway.

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the constipation scoring system for the pediatric population: A new tool to be used for constipated children.

Background: The Rome IV criteria are used to characterize constipation and its subtypes, but not its severity. Conversely, the constipation scoring system (CSS) is a tool designed to assess the level of constipation severity and assist clinicians in selecting suitable therapeutic strategies. Although validated for adults, this score has yet to be validated for children.

Association between rectal diameter and response to treatment with parasacral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and behavioral changes in children and adolescents with bladder and bowel dysfunction.

Purpose: Parasacral Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation (TENS) is one of the treatments for children with Bladder and Bowel Dysfunction (BBD). Some studies showed that children with increased Rectal Diameter (RD) have more Functional Constipation (FC). However, RD prediction in maintenance of BBD after treatment was never evaluated.

Quality of life and psychological aspects in children with overactive bladder treated with parasacral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation - A prospective multicenter study.

Objective: To assess the impact of parasacral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (parasacral TENS) on quality of life (QoL) and psychological aspects in children treated for overactive bladder (OAB).

Methods: This international, multicenter, prospective cohort study involved individuals of 6-16 years of age under TENS treatment for OAB. The study was conducted between June 2016 and December 2019 in four participating centers: two in Australia, one in Germany and one in Brazil.

Agreement between the visual analogue scale (VAS) and the dysfunctional voiding scoring system (DVSS) in the post-treatment evaluation of electrical nerve stimulation in children and adolescents with overactive bladder.

Introduction: Electrical nerve stimulation is one of the most commonly used and well-tolerated treatments for overactive bladder (OAB); however, different studies have used different instruments to assess patients' response to treatment.

Objective: To analyze agreement between use of the visual analogue scale (VAS) and the Dysfunctional Voiding Scoring System (DVSS) for assessing improvement in urinary symptoms following electrical nerve stimulation treatment in children and adolescents with OAB.

Study Design: A cross-sectional analytical study including children and adolescents of 4-17 years of age diagnosed with OAB who underwent 20 sessions of transcutaneous (TENS) or percutaneous (PENS) electrical nerve stimulation.

Time until maximum flow rate uroflowmetry: A new parameter for predicting failure of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in treating children and adolescents with overactive bladder.

Aim: To analyze uroflowmetry as a predictor of the outcome of treatment with parasacral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in patients with pure overactive bladder.

Methods: Thirty-eight patients of 5-16 years of age were included in this prospective cohort study. All the patients had been seen at a referral clinic between 2006 and 2015.

Parasacral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in children with overactive bladder: comparison between sessions administered two and three times weekly.

Purpose: This study compares the results achieved following parasacral TENS administered using two different weekly schedules.

Materials And Methods: Children of at least four years of age with a diagnosis of pure overactive bladder were included in this randomized clinical trial and treated with parasacral TENS (2 versus 3 sessions per week). All the participants also underwent standard urotherapy.

BLADDER AND BOWEL DYSFUNCTION IN MOTHERS AND CHILDREN: A POPULATION-BASED CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY.

Background: Recently it was shown an association between lower urinary tract symptoms in mothers and their children. However, the role of functional constipation in this binomial is unclear.

Objective: To evaluate bladder and bowel dysfunction between mothers and children.

Predictors of outcome in children and adolescents with overactive bladder treated with parasacral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation.

Background: Parasacral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) has emerged as an effective treatment for overactive bladder (OAB) in view of its high success rates in improving lower urinary tract symptoms and constipation, with no direct side effects. However, the clinical characteristics associated with the outcomes remain to be established.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate potential predictors of outcome in children with OAB treated using parasacral TENS.

Are lower urinary tract symptoms in children associated with urinary symptoms in their mothers?

Background: The association between parents who suffered daytime incontinence as children and children who are incontinence has been reported. However, the association of lower urinary tract (LUT) dysfunction in children and urinary symptoms in mothers has not been studied.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that the children of mothers with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are more likely to have urinary symptoms.

Constipation and Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction in Children and Adolescents: A Population-Based Study.

Objective: To evaluate the correlation between constipation and lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) and nocturnal enuresis in a population-based study.

Material And Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. The criteria for inclusion were children and adolescents of between 5 and 17 years and who agreed to sign the informed consent form.

Parasacral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for overactive bladder in constipated children: The role of constipation.

Background: Parasacral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is an effective method for the treatment of overactive bladder (OAB), and, additionally, it accelerates bowel transit time. Therefore, not only does parasacral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) improve lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), but it also resolves the problem of constipation in a significant number of children. Since TENS has a positive effect on LUTS and on the symptoms of fecal retention, it is possible that its action regarding OAB could be directly associated with the improvement in constipation.

Transcutaneous parasacral electrical stimulation vs oxybutynin for the treatment of overactive bladder in children: a randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: We determined the effectiveness of 2 methods to treat overactive bladder in children using intragroup and intergroup comparisons in a randomized clinical trial.

Materials And Methods: Nine boys and 19 girls with a mean ± SD age of 6.4 ± 2.

The influence of positioning in urination: an electromyographic and uroflowmetric evaluation.

Purpose: We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate whether the different positions during urination influence the electrical activity of the abdominal and perineal musculature, as well as the uroflowmetric parameters of children with lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD).

Materials And Methods: Ninety-four children between the ages of 3 and 14 years with symptoms of LUTD were evaluated. All underwent uroflowmetry and electromyography tests (abdominal and perineal) in two different positions: oriented position (trunk bent slightly forward and feet flat) and atypical position (standing on toes for boys and buttocks not in contact with the lavatory seat and legs flexed in girls).

Constipation in children with isolated overactive bladders.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of constipation in children with isolated overactive bladder (IOAB) and no micturition complaints.

Materials And Methods: A questionnaire was used to evaluate constipation in 51 children with IOAB, as well as in a control group of 74 children between the ages of 4 and 14 years. The Rome III criteria for children were used to assess constipation.

Evaluation of constipation after parasacral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in children with lower urinary tract dysfunction--a pilot study.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of parasacral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for the treatment of constipation in children with lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD).

Materials And Methods: We treated 9 boys and 5 girls with a mean age of 8.07 ± 2.

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in children with overactive bladder: a randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: We evaluated the effectiveness of parasacral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation to treat overactive bladder in children. We designed a prospective randomized trial with sham control for this evaluation.

Materials And Methods: We prospectively randomized 25 girls and 12 boys with an average age of 7.