Unraveling Applications of Gold Nanoparticles in Dentistry: A Scoping Review.

Objectives: This review aims is to map the available evidence regarding the applications of gold nanoparticles (AuNps) in dentistry.

Materials And Methods: This scoping review protocol followed the guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute and the PRISMA-ScR. Two authors independently performed all steps in the study selection and data extraction phases.

Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy in the 21st Century-An Overview of 1415 Consecutive Dysphagic Adult Patients.

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is recommended for long-term enteral nutrition in dysphagic patients. This study aims to characterize conditions motivating PEG, assess nutritional status on the gastrostomy day, evaluate survival and search for survival predictors. Retrospective study of adult patients who underwent PEG in a tertiary hospital from 2001 to 2023.

Adherence to Nutritional Counselling Goals Among Pregnant Women With Overweight and Its Effect on Perinatal Health Outcomes.

Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the adherence to nutritional counselling goals among pregnant women with overweight and its effect on perinatal outcomes.

Methods: A randomised clinical trial was conducted in 350 adult pregnant women with overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m).

Evaluation of the Biological Activities of Dinizia excelsa Wood Essential Oil: A Potential Phytotherapeutic Agent.

The study explored the biological activities of essential oil from Dinizia excelsa wood, highlighting its phytotherapeutic potential. Key analyses included chromatographic profiling, ADMET evaluation, and assessments of antioxidant, antimicrobial, antitumor, immunomodulatory, leishmanicidal, trypanocidal, and schistosomicidal activities. Extracted via hydrodistillation (0.

The role of marine debris as a vector, dispersal agent, and substrate for non-indigenous species on Oceanic Islands (Northeast Atlantic).

Marine debris (MD) can be a transport vector for diverse marine communities, including non-indigenous species (NIS). This study assessed MD potential role as a substrate for colonization and dispersal vector for NIS in the Madeira Archipelago (NE Atlantic) by examining three MD categories: floating (FMD), seafloor (SMD), and beached (BMD). Opportunistic sampling, conducted in collaboration with local maritime stakeholders, documented MD sightings with photographs and GPS coordinates.

Inflammation clashing onto myocardial susceptibility: a tale of two rare diseases-a case report.

Background: Sarcoidosis is a rare inflammatory disease characterized by the presence of myocardial non-caseating granulomas. Heart failure, conduction abnormalities, and/or life-threatening arrhythmias are the main manifestations of cardiac sarcoidosis (CS). Cardiac magnetic resonance plays a major role in the diagnostic suspicion of cardiac involvement in sarcoidosis.

Clinical likelihood models calibrated against observed obstructive coronary artery disease on computed tomography angiography.

Aims: Models predicting the likelihood of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) on invasive coronary angiography (ICA) exist. However, as stable patients with new-onset chest pain frequently have lower clinical likelihood and preferably undergo index testing by noninvasive tests such as coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), clinical likelihood models calibrated against observed obstructive CAD at CCTA are warranted. The aim was to develop CCTA-calibrated risk-factor- and coronary artery calcium-score-weighted clinical likelihood models (i.

Comparative Structural and Biophysical Investigation of Toxin I (LyeTx I) and Its Analog LyeTx I-b.

This study investigates the structural and biophysical properties of the wild-type antimicrobial peptide LyeTx I, isolated from the venom of the spider , and its analog LyeTx I-b, designed to enhance antibacterial activity, selectivity, and membrane interactions by the acetylation and increased amphipathicty. : To understand the mechanisms behind these enhanced properties, comparative analyses of the structural, topological, biophysical, and thermodynamic aspects of the interactions between each peptide and phospholipid bilayers were evaluated. Both peptides were isotopically labeled with H-Ala and N-Leu to facilitate structural studies via NMR spectroscopy.

Encapsulated LyeTx III Peptide: Cytotoxic Agent Isolated from Spider Venom.

The discovery of novel cytotoxic drugs is of paramount importance in contemporary medical research, particularly in the search for treatments with fewer side effects and higher specificity. Antimicrobial peptides are an interesting class of molecules for this endeavor. In this context, the LyeTx III, a new peptide extracted from the venom of the spider, stands out.

Validation of an Aerobic Fitness Questionnaire to estimate VO peak in a cohort of adult cardiac patients - Is it enough?

Introduction And Objectives: Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is the gold standard for quantifying aerobic functional capacity, yet it is costly and not widely available. The CLINIMEX Aerobic Fitness Questionnaire (C-AFQ) may be a practical alternative as it estimates oxygen consumption at peak exercise (VO peak) based on patients' responses to a list of activities with known energy requirements. However, its applicability in cardiac patients is unclear and has not yet been studied.

Starvation Metabolism Adaptations in Tick Embryonic Cells BME26.

Ticks are hematophagous ectoparasites that transmit pathogens and inflict significant economic losses on the cattle industry. Remarkably, they can survive extended periods of starvation in the absence of a host. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the metabolic adaptations that enable the tick to endure starvation using the BME26 cell line as a model system.

Stroke in Athletes with Atrial Fibrillation: A Narrative Review.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia, linked with a significantly heightened risk of stroke. While moderate exercise reduces AF risk, high-level endurance athletes paradoxically exhibit a higher incidence. However, their stroke risk remains uncertain due to their younger age, higher cardiovascular fitness, and lower rate of comorbidities.

A case of renovascular hypertension due to polyarteritis nodosa.

In renal vasculitis, luminal narrowing can reduce blood flow and activate the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, causing renovascular hypertension. We present the case of a 47-year-old man with previous intestinal tuberculosis and episodes of lumbar pain, tender erythematous nodules and arthralgias. He had grade 3 hypertension, unresponsive to treatment, with left ventricular concentric hypertrophy and chronic kidney disease.

Dietary Profile of Women With Chronic Muscle Temporomandibular Disorder: An Observational Study.

Background: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is the main chronic pain that affects the face, and it is associated with dietary changes due to pain and dysfunction. However, there is a scarcity of studies on its impact on nutrition and vice versa.

Objectives: To assess and compare the intake of energy and nutrients among chronic TMD myalgia and asymptomatic women and to evaluate data according to dietary reference intakes (DRI) and the World Health Organization (WHO) values.

Mechanisms and Potential Benefits of Neuroprotective Agents in Neurological Health.

The brain contains many interconnected and complex cellular and molecular mechanisms. Injury to the brain causes permanent dysfunctions in these mechanisms. So, it continues to be an area where surgical intervention cannot be performed except for the removal of tumors and the repair of some aneurysms.

Prevalence and Predictors of Diabetic Retinopathy in Saudi Arabia: Insights from a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of blindness among diabetic patients, particularly in areas with an increase in diabetes epidemics, such as Saudi Arabia. Notwithstanding the significant public health implications, data on the prevalence and risk factors of DR in Saudi Arabia are few and scattered, limited to certain geographic areas. Our study objective is to conduct a systematic review of the literature and a meta-analysis of the prevalence and predictors for DR in Saudi Arabia, within both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Exploring the therapeutic potential of acridines: Synthesis, structure, and biological applications.

The objective of this review was to explore the trends and chemical characteristics of acridines and their derivatives, analyze their contribution to the scientific literature and international cooperation, identify the most influential authors and articles, and provide an overview of the knowledge produced in elucidating their mechanisms of action. To this end, a bibliometric analysis was performed using RStudio software, along with a systematic review focusing on articles indexed in the "Web of Science" and "Scopus" databases. The keywords used were "acridine$", "Synthesi$", "Structure$", and "Biologic* Application$" for the period from 2020 to 2024.

Greater adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet during pregnancy reduces the likelihood of having a large-for-gestational-age newborn.

Background/objectives: Studies suggest that greater maternal adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet reduces the risk of both maternal and fetal adverse health outcomes. The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between adherence to the DASH diet during pregnancy and the classification of birth weight according to gestational age.

Subjects/methods: Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort of 601 mother and child pairs who attended primary healthcare in a Brazilian municipality.

Susceptibility of solitary bees to agrochemicals highlights gaps in bee risk assessment.

Ground-nesting solitary bees are the most abundant bee species in the xeric areas of the world, but the effects of agrochemicals on them have been little studied. Herein, we evaluated the topical toxicity of an insecticide, a herbicide, and an essential oil on Mediterranean ground-nesting bees (Andrena impunctata, A. nigroolivacea, A.

The projected impacts of climate change and fishing pressure on a tropical marine food web.

Small-scale fisheries, especially those from developing countries, are vital for millions. Understanding the impact of environmental and human factors on fish stocks and yields and how they might change is crucial to ensure the sustainable use of aquatic resources. We developed an ecosystem model using Ecopath and Ecosim (EwE) to investigate changes in target species biomass and ecosystem attributes over 83 years (2017-2100) caused by different scenarios of fishing pressure and ocean warming in the Brazilian Northeastern continental shelf.

Mite fauna (Acari: Erythraeidae and Otopheidomenidae) associated with hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) in northeastern Brazil.

The current understanding of ectoparasitic mites, especially those belonging to Otopheidomenidae, has been constrained by limited data derived primarily from museum specimens. To bridge this knowledge gap, we undertook a study to investigate mite infestations on freshly captured hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). From August 2016 to July 2018, we collected samples in the Chapada do Araripe area in the municipality of Santana do Cariri (7°12'33''S, 39°43'22''W, 750 m a.

Spinal antinociceptive effect of the PnTx4(5-5) peptide is possibly mediated by the NMDA autoreceptors.

Background: Medications currently used to treat pain are frequently associated with serious adverse effects and rapid development of tolerance. Thus, there is a need to develop more effective, and safer medicines for the population. Blocking NMDA receptors (NMDAR) has shown to be a promising target for the development of new drugs.

Xylan from Dinizia excelsa: Chemical characterization and biological activities.

Dinizia Excelsa is an Amazonian tree with a wide range of applications as a raw material in the industry. The objective of this study was to extract, characterize, and evaluate the biological activities of xylan extracted from Dinizia excelsa wood. The xylan was obtained in five stages, including delignification, precipitation, purification, and freeze-drying.