Clinical practice guidelines for uterine corpus cancer: an update to the Korean Society of Gynecologic Oncology guidelines.

The Korean Society of Gynecologic Oncology has updated its clinical practice guidelines for endometrial cancer to incorporate advancements in recent high-quality randomized controlled trials. These guidelines address evolving treatment paradigms, and are tailored to the Korean medical context. Key updates include a strong recommendation for doxorubicin/trabectedin combination therapy in metastatic or recurrent unresectable leiomyosarcoma based on the significant survival benefits demonstrated in a randomized controlled trial.

Initial sarcopenia and body composition changes as prognostic factors in cervical cancer patients treated with concurrent chemoradiation: An artificial intelligence-based volumetric study.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the influence of baseline sarcopenia and changes in body composition on survival during cervical cancer treatment.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with stage IB1-IVB cervical cancer who underwent primary concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT) between 2002 and 2022 were included. The exclusion criteria were prior radical hysterectomy, lack of pretreatment computed tomography (CT) imaging, or significant comorbidities.

Comparison of survival and complications between minimally invasive and open staging surgeries in non-endometrioid endometrial cancer.

Objective: This study aimed to compare survival and complications between minimally invasive surgery and open surgery and evaluate related risk factors in patients with non-endometrioid endometrial cancer.

Methods: Clinicopathologic characteristics; survival outcomes; complications; and prognostic factors associated with progression-free survival and overall survival were compared among patients with non-endometrioid endometrial cancer who underwent primary staging surgery using laparoscopic, robotic, or open abdominal surgery (2004-2017).

Results: In total, 91 patients were included: 41 and 50 underwent minimally invasive surgery and open surgery, respectively.

Patient-reported outcomes of treatment and adverse effects following acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a low- and middle-income country cross-sectional study.

Introduction: The scenario of adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated in Brazil has not been well described yet.

Methods: Four hundred patients diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia from 1981 to 2019, registered in the Brazilian lymphoma and leukemia association (ABRALE) or their caregivers were interviewed by telephone to evaluate patient-reported perceptions of diagnosis, treatment and adverse effects.

Results: Overall, 203 were male with a mean age of 15.

Elevation of circulating neutrophil extracellular traps in endometrial cancer: Poor prognostic value of cell-free double-stranded DNA.

Objective: Neutrophils produce neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) by releasing nuclear contents into the extracellular environment. NETs are associated with systemic inflammation and cancer development and progression. We aimed to investigate whether NET markers are associated with the prognosis of endometrial cancer.

An umbrella review of reviews on challenges to meaningful adolescent involvement in health research.

Background: Less than 1% of studies on child and adolescent health report the involvement of adolescents in health research. This is attributed to barriers experienced by researchers and adolescents in the engagement process. To address this under-involvement of adolescents, we first need a better understanding of the factors that hinder adolescent involvement in health research.

Methotrexate might become the sole treatment option for leukemia following the occurrence of Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

Introduction: Severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) arising from drug interactions can carry life-threatening implications and result in lasting effects. SCARs can be triggered by various factors, with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole identified as a primary culprit. Anticonvulsants and antineoplastic agents have been noted as secondary triggers.

Positive Impacts of Adolescent Involvement in Health Research: An Umbrella Review.

Despite an increased recognition of the right of adolescents to be involved in decisions that affect them, young people continue to be under-involved in health research. One of the reasons is a lack of awareness among researchers on the current evidence base around the benefits of involving adolescents. To address this, we conducted an umbrella review to synthesize the evidence on the positive impacts of adolescent involvement in health research.

Optimized treatment parameter by computer simulation for high-intensity focused ultrasound treatment of uterine adenomyosis: Short-term and long-term results.

This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of using optimized parameters obtained by computer simulation for ultrasound-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment of uterine adenomyosis in comparison with conventional parameters. We retrospectively assessed a single-institution, prospective study that was registered at Clinical Research Information Service (CRiS) of Republic of Korea (KCT0003586). Sixty-six female participants (median age: 44 years) with focal uterine adenomyosis were prospectively enrolled.

Cognitive Function and Variability in Antipsychotic Drug-Naive Patients With First-Episode Psychosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Importance: Cognitive impairment contributes significantly to clinical outcome and level of function in individuals with psychotic disorders. These impairments are present already at psychosis onset at a group level; however, the question of heterogeneity in cognitive function among patients has not been systematically investigated.

Objective: To provide an updated quantification of cognitive impairment at psychosis onset before patients receive potentially confounding antipsychotic treatment, and to investigate variability in cognitive function compared with healthy controls.

Path analysis of perceived disease vulnerability, COVID-19 fear, and lower vaccine hesitancy within the context of protection motivation theory.

COVID-19 vaccinations have demonstrated effectiveness in reducing severe infections. However, vaccine hesitancy posed a major public health hurdle to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. Online spread of vaccine conspiracy beliefs generated unwarranted mistrust and resistance to vaccines.

MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways are activated in adolescent and adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Background: The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK signaling cascade and the phosphoinosytol-3 phosphate/Akt (PI3K/Akt) pathways are involved in proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells. The frequency of PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathway activation in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) still need to be elucidated.

Aims: To assess the activity and prognostic implications of MAPK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways in adult (ALL).

The novel use and feasibility of hemostatic oxidized regenerated cellulose agent (SurgiGuard): multicenter retrospective study.

Background: SurgiGuard is an absorbent hemostatic agent based on oxidized regenerated cellulose. The efficacy, effects and safety of SurgiGuard are equivalent to existing hemostatic agents in animal experiments. This study was designed to confirm that the use of SurgiGuard alone is effective, safe and feasible compared to combination with other hemostatic methods.

Clinical implications of histologic subtypes on survival outcomes in primary mucinous ovarian carcinoma.

Objective: In 2014, the World Health Organization introduced a new histologic classification by dividing primary mucinous ovarian carcinoma (PMOC) into two: expansile (ES) or infiltrative subtypes (IS). This study investigated the clinical implications of these histological subtypes on survival outcomes.

Methods: Data from 131 patients with PMOC who underwent primary surgery between 2003 and 2021 were analyzed.

Impact of supradiaphragmatic lymphadenectomy on the survival of patients in stage IVB ovarian cancer with thoracic lymph node metastasis.

Introduction: To evaluate the survival impact of supradiaphragmatic lymphadenectomy as part of debulking surgery in stage IVB ovarian cancer with thoracic lymph node metastasis (LNM).

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled patients diagnosed with stage IVB ovarian, fallopian or primary peritoneal cancer between 2010 and 2020, carrying cardiophrenic, parasternal, anterior mediastinal or supraclavicular lymph nodes ≥5 mm on axial chest computed tomography. All tumors were classified into the abdominal (abdominal tumors and cardiophrenic lymph nodes) and supradiaphragmatic (parasternal, anterior mediastinal or supraclavicular lymph nodes) categories depending on the area involved.

Tissue Expression and Prognostic Role of CXCL12 and CXCR4 in High-grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma.

Background/aim: The complex of C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and its ligand, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12), plays an essential role in cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. These are emerging therapeutic targets, and recent studies have reported that inhibition of CXCL12-CXCR4 signaling pathway enhances the effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Thus, we aimed to investigate tissue expression of CXCL12 and CXCR4 in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) and to determine their potential as prognostic markers.

Involving adolescents in the design, implementation, evaluation and dissemination of health research: an umbrella review protocol.

Introduction: A lack of awareness on how to engage adolescents in research has been reported as one of the barriers to meaningful youth involvement in health research. Currently, available guidelines on youth involvement are limited in terms of the scope (e.g.

Prognostic significance of L1CAM expression in addition to ProMisE in endometrial cancer.

Objective: To investigate the prognostic significance of L1 cell-adhesion molecule (L1CAM), β-catenin, and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in endometrial cancer (EC) patients, with a focus on p53 wild-type subgroup, for additional risk stratification.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included EC patients classified according to Proactive Molecular Risk Classifier for Endometrial Cancer (ProMisE) who underwent primary surgical treatment at the single center between January 2014 and December 2018. Immunohistochemical staining was performed for four mismatch repair (MMR) proteins, p53, L1CAM, β-catenin, and PD-L1.

Survival outcomes of laparoscopic versus open radical hysterectomy in early cervical cancer with incidentally identified high-risk factors.

Objective: Previously, we suggested that patients with cervical cancer (CC) with tumors ≤2 cm on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are safe candidates for laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (LRH). Here, we aim to investigate whether LRH deteriorates the prognosis of patients with incidentally identified high-risk factors; lymph node metastasis (LNM) or parametrial invasion (PMI).

Methods: We identified patients with 2009 FIGO stage IB1 CC who underwent Type C LRH or open radical hysterectomy (ORH) at three tertiary hospitals between 2000 and 2019.

Conization before radical hysterectomy in patients with early-stage cervical cancer: A Korean multicenter study (COBRA-R).

Objective: To investigate the impact of conization on survival outcomes and to identify a specific population that might benefit from conization before radical hysterectomy (RH) in patients with early-stage cervical cancer.

Methods: From six institutions in Korea, we identified node-negative, margin-negative, parametria-negative, 2009 FIGO stage IB1 cervical cancer patients who underwent primary type C RH between 2006 and 2021. The patients were divided into multiple groups based on tumor size, surgical approach, and histology.