Cyanoacrylate Adhesive as an Alternative Tool for Membrane Fixation in Guided Tissue Regeneration.

Aim: To report a well succeeded use of cyanoacrylate adhesive for fixating a resorbable membrane during a guided tissue regeneration procedure (GTR).

Background: The immobilization of membranes in GTR is essential for establishing proper environment for cell differentiation and tissue regeneration. However, some membranes are very difficult to be kept in position by sutures and its fixation by mini screws or pins may be time consuming and expensive.

Lasers in periodontal therapy.

About 50 years ago, lasers started to be used in periodontal treatment following evidence that wounds produced in animals healed more quickly after being irradiated with low-intensity lasers. Increased production of growth factors, stimulated mainly by red and infrared lasers, may participate in this process by influencing the behavior of various types of cells. High-intensity lasers have been used as an alternative to nonsurgical periodontal therapy in root biomodification and to reduce dentin hypersensivity; low-intensity lasers are frequently employed to improve tissue repair in regenerative procedures and in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy.

Bone demineralization with citric acid enhances adhesion and spreading of preosteoblasts.

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that bone demineralization can improve consolidation in bone grafts. The biologic mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unclear.

Methods: Twelve adult male guinea pigs were used in this experiment.

Palatal mucosa derived fibroblasts present an adaptive behavior regarding cytokine secretion when grafted onto the gingival margin.

Background: Considering that grafted gingival tissue might have to be adapted to the receptor area and that fibroblasts have the ability to respond to bacterial stimuli through the release of various cytokines, this study investigated whether fibroblasts from the palatal mucosa behave differently when grafted onto the gingival margin regarding cytokine secretion.

Methods: Biopsies from the palatal mucosa were collected at the time of free gingival graft surgery, and after four months re-collection was performed upon surgery for root coverage. Fibroblasts were isolated by the explant technique, cultured and stimulated with Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and Escherichia coli (Ec) LPS for 24 or 48 h for comparative evaluation of the secretion of cytokines and chemokines, such as IL-6, IL-8/CXCL8, MIP-1α/CCL3, TGF-β, VEGF and CXCL16.

Demineralization of the contacting surfaces in autologous onlay bone grafts improves bone formation and bone consolidation.

Background: Autologous bone grafts are usually well consolidated after 4 to 5 months but can be incompletely interlocked with the native bone. This study investigated the effect of acid demineralization of the graft-bed interface on graft consolidation.

Methods: Onlay bone grafts were performed on the calvaria of 36 guinea pigs.

Laser phototherapy at high energy densities do not stimulate pre-osteoblast growth and differentiation.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of red and infrared lasers at high energy densities on pre-osteoblast MC3T3 proliferation and differentiation.

Background Data: The acceleration of bone regeneration by low intensity laser irradiation may hold potential benefits in clinical therapy in orthopedics and dentistry.

Materials And Methods: Cells were irradiated with red (660 nm) and infrared (780 nm) lasers (90 and 150 J/cm2, 40 mW).

Laser and light-emitting diode effects on pre-osteoblast growth and differentiation.

The acceleration of bone regeneration by low-intensity laser irradiation may hold potential benefits in clinical therapy in orthopedics and dentistry. The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of light-emitting diode (LED) and laser on pre-osteoblast MC3T3 proliferation and differentiation. Cells were irradiated with red, infrared, and LED (3 and 5 J/cm(2)).

Newly forming bone graft: a novel surgical approach to the treatment of denuded roots.

Unlabelled: Many techniques have been proposed for root coverage. However, none of them presents predictable results in deep and wide recessions.

Objectives: The aim of this case series report is to describe an alternative technique for root coverage at sites showing deep recessions and attachment loss >4 mm at buccal sites.

Laser therapy as an effective method for implant surface decontamination: a histomorphometric study in rats.

Background: To the best of the authors' knowledge, a standard protocol for treating peri-implantitis is not yet established.

Methods: A total of 150 titanium disks with smooth or rough surfaces contaminated with microbial biofilm were implanted subcutaneously in rats after undergoing one of three treatments: 1) low-intensity laser (LIL); 2) antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT); or 3) toluidine blue O (TBO). Sterile and contaminated disks served as negative (NC) and positive (C) control groups, respectively.

Influence of combined oral contraceptives on the periodontal condition.

Unlabelled: Most studies investigating the impact of oral contraceptives have been performed some years ago, when the level of sexual hormones was greater than the actual formulations.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of current combined oral contraceptives (COC) on periodontal tissues, correlating the clinical parameters examined with the total duration of continuous oral contraceptive intake.

Material And Methods: Twenty-five women (19-35 years old) taking combined oral contraceptives for at least 1 year were included in the test group.

Comparison among four commonly used demineralizing agents for root conditioning: a scanning electron microscopy.

Unlabelled: Dental roots that have been exposed to the oral cavity and periodontal pocket environment present superficial changes, which can prevent connective tissue reattachment. Demineralizing agents have been used as an adjunct to the periodontal treatment aiming at restoring the biocompatibility of roots.

Objective: This study compared four commonly used demineralizing agents for their capacity of removing smear layer and opening dentin tubules.

Periodontal treatment during pregnancy decreases the rate of adverse pregnancy outcome: a controlled clinical trial.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of non-surgical treatment of periodontal disease during the second trimester of gestation on adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Material And Methods: Pregnant patients during the 1st and 2nd trimesters at antenatal care in a Public Health Center were divided into 2 groups: NIG--"no intervention" (n=17) or IG--"intervention" (n=16). IG patients were submitted to a non-surgical periodontal treatment performed by a single periodontist consisting of scaling and root planning (SRP), professional prophylaxis (PROPH) and oral hygiene instruction (OHI).

Differential production of macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha, stromal-derived factor-1, and IL-6 by human cultured periodontal ligament and gingival fibroblasts challenged with lipopolysaccharide from P. gingivalis.

Background: Fibroblasts are considered important cells in periodontitis. When challenged by different agents, they respond through the release of cytokines that participate in the inflammatory process. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the expression and production of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha, stromal-derived factor (SDF)-1, and interleukin (IL)-6 by human cultured periodontal ligament and gingival fibroblasts challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Porphyromonas gingivalis.

Inhibitory signals mediated by programmed death-1 are involved with T-cell function in chronic periodontitis.

Background: Inhibitory signals mediated via molecules such as programmed death-1 (PD-1) play a critical role in downmodulating immune responses and maintaining peripheral tolerance. We investigated the involvement of cytokines and PD-1 engagement in mediating the T-cell unresponsiveness to bacterial and ubiquitous antigens in periodontal diseases.

Methods: Gingival and peripheral blood samples from healthy individuals and patients with chronic periodontitis were collected and used for the subsequent assays.

A combined regenerative approach for the treatment of aggressive periodontitis: long-term follow-up of a familial case.

This article reports the longitudinal follow-up of a familial case of aggressive periodontitis treated by a combined regenerative approach that consisted of root conditioning, bone grafting, and membrane positioning. Treatment resulted in attachment level gain, reduction of probing depth, absence of bleeding on probing, and complete bone filling of the defect. The short-term results obtained after surgery were maintained after 6 years, suggesting that the combined regenerative approach is able to completely arrest the disease with long-term stability.

A modified approach for vestibuloplasty in severely resorbed mandible using an implant-retained postoperative stent: a case report.

Background: Severely resorbed mandibles often present a short band of keratinized tissue associated with a shallow vestibule. As a result, prominent muscle insertions are present, especially in the mental region of the mandible. This case report describes the deepening of the vestibular sulcus in an atrophic mandible by combining free gingival grafts harvested from the palate and a postoperative acrylic resin stent screwed on osseointegrated implants placed at the anterior region of the mandible.

Effects of TGF-beta1, PDGF-BB, and IGF-1 on the rate of proliferation and adhesion of a periodontal ligament cell lineage in vitro.

Background: Considering the role of growth factors in periodontal regeneration, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta1), alone or in combination, on the rate of proliferation and adhesion of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells in vitro.

Methods: After establishment and characterization of a primary culture of PDL cells, 72 culture dishes were plated with 10(3) cells distributed among four test groups and a control group. Test groups had PDGF-BB, TGF-beta1, IGF-1, or a combination of all three added to the culture medium, whereas the control group received no growth factor.

Evaluation of oral and nasal halitosis parameters in patients with repaired cleft lip and/or palate.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between halitosis parameters in patients with and without cleft lip and/or palate.

Study Design: Forty-two subjects were examined. They were divided into group I, postgraduate students of Bauru Dental School (FOB); and group II, individuals with repaired cleft lip and/or palate.

Histomorphometric evaluation of a threaded, sandblasted, acid-etched implant retrieved from a human lower jaw: a case report.

The purpose of this study was to histomorphometrically evaluate the bone-to-implant contact and bone area around a titanium implant retrieved from a human lower jaw. A screw-shaped titanium implant (sandblasted and acid-etched surface) was removed from a 68-year-old male after having been in function for 40 months because of a fracture of the abutment screw. Following the implant removal, an undecalcified section was obtained.

Osseointegrated implants in the oral rehabilitation of a patient with cleft lip and palate and ectodermal dysplasia: a case report.

Hereditary ectodermal dysplasia is an inherited disorder characterized by aplasia or dysplasia of ectodermal tissues, such as hair, nails, teeth, and skin, that occurs in approximately 1 in every 100,000 live births. Dental abnormalities and abnormal facial appearance are of major concern in childhood and adolescence, since they can restrict the individual socially and affect his or her self-confidence. Oral rehabilitation in the early stages of the patient's life may provide functional and esthetic restoration as well as safeguard psychologic health.