In vivo pharmacokinetic study and PBPK modeling: Comparison between 3D-printed nanocrystals and solid dispersions.

The solubility of drugs remains one of the most challenging aspects of formulation development. Several technologies exist to enhance the properties of poorly soluble drugs, with nanocrystal (NC) and solid dispersion (SD) technologies being among the most important. This work compared NCs and SDs under identical conditions using albendazole as a model drug and 3D printing technology as the delivery method.

Nanotechnological approaches to improve corticosteroids ocular therapy.

The administration of corticosteroids is the first-line treatment of the clinical conditions with ocular inflammation. Nonetheless, ocular physiological mechanisms, anatomical barriers and corticosteroid properties prevent it from reaching the target site. Thus, frequent topical administered doses or ocular injections are required, leading to a higher risk of adverse events and poor patient compliance.

Design of a pilot plant-type pharmaceutical reactor to address the problem of interchangeability of generic semisolid formulations.

Objective And Significance: This research aims to design and develop a pilot plant-type pharmaceutical reactor with a strong focus on its volumetric capacity and heat transfer capabilities. The primary goal is to replicate design and control strategies at the laboratory or pilot scale to analyze and produce generic semisolid formulations.

Methods: Computational fluid dynamics and heat transfer modeling, utilizing the finite volume method, were employed to determine the reactor's performance and particle trajectory during the mixing and stirring.

Development of Triamcinolone Acetonide Nanocrystals for Ocular Administration.

Triamcinolone acetonide (TA) is a powerful anti-inflammatory drug used in the treatment of inflammatory ocular disorders; however, its poor aqueous solubility and ocular anatomical barriers hinder optimal treatment. The aim of this work was to obtain triamcinolone acetonide nanocrystals (TA-NC) to improve ocular corticosteroid therapy. Self-dispersible TA-NC were prepared by the bead milling technique followed by spray-drying, exhaustively characterized and then evaluated in vivo in an ocular model of endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU).

Biological drug therapy for ocular angiogenesis: Anti-VEGF agents and novel strategies based on nanotechnology.

Currently, biological drug therapy for ocular angiogenesis treatment is based on the administration of anti-VEGF agents via intravitreal route. The molecules approved with this purpose for ocular use include pegaptanib, ranibizumab, and aflibercept, whereas bevacizumab is commonly off-label used in the clinical practice. The schedule dosage involves repeated intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF agents to achieve and maintain effective concentrations in retina and choroids, which are administrated as solutions form.

Novel hybrid lipid nanocapsules loaded with a therapeutic monoclonal antibody - Bevacizumab - and Triamcinolone acetonide for combined therapy in neovascular ocular pathologies.

The aim of this study was to design and develop a novel hybrid formulation based on lipid nanocapsules containing bevacizumab (BVZ), an effective therapeutic antibody, on the surface and triamcinolone acetonide (TA) in the inner core (BVZ-TA-LNC) intended to improve ocular therapy. Hence, a phase inversion-insertion one step method was developed to drug loading and surface modification of lipid nanocapsules by post-insertion of a bifunctional polymer, followed by antibody coupling using "click" chemistry. The covalent bond and antibody capacity binding to its specific antigen were confirmed by thermal analysis and immunoassay, respectively.

Polysaccharide-Based Nanocarriers for Ocular Drug Delivery.

Obtaining successful ocular formulations able to support an efficient drug concentration at the target tissue for an appropriate period of time is an interesting challenge for modern pharmaceutical technology. In this sense, nanotechnology is one of the available strategies to obtain a drug carrier system that allows access to different compartments of the eye in order to deliver drugs to the desired site. Biodegradable polymers such as polysaccharides are promising biomaterials for the production of biocompatible and biodegradable nanocarriers (NCs).