Temporal Pattern and Spatial Distribution of Tuberculosis Prevalence Associated with Multimorbidity in Brazil.

Background: Four main chronic conditions may be involved in the tuberculosis pathogenic process and/or clinical evolution: HIV/AIDS, diabetes mellitus, mental illness, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. This study aimed to determine the spatiotemporal pattern of tuberculosis (TB) associated with multimorbidity in Brazil.

Methods: Ecological study use data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN), collected from the electronic portal of the Department of Informatics of the SUS (DATASUS).

[Temporal pattern, spatial distribution, and factors associated with the incidence of HIV/AIDS among young people in BrazilPatrón temporal, distribución espacial y factores asociados a la incidencia de la infección por el VIH/sida en jóvenes en Brasil].

Objective: To describe temporal and spatial patterns and identify the factors associated with the incidence of HIV/AIDS among young people in Brazil.

Method: Ecological study of young Brazilians aged 15-24 years with reported HIV/AIDS, from 2001 to 2021. The Joinpoint method was used for the temporal analysis.

Clinical decision support systems for diabetic foot ulcers: a scoping review.

Objective: Map the scientific evidence on the use of clinical decision support systems in diabetic foot care.

Method: A scoping review based on the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis and registered on the Open Science Framework platform. Searches were carried out in primary and secondary sources on prototypes and computerized tools aimed at assisting patients with diabetic foot or at risk of having it, published in any language or period, in eleven databases and grey literature.

Maternal mortality in Northeast Brazil 2009-2019: spatial distribution, trend and associated factors.

Objective: To analyze the spatio-temporal pattern of maternal mortality and associated factors in Northeast Brazil, from 2009 to 2019.

Methods: This was an ecological study using the joinpoint method for temporal analysis and spatial autocorrelation and scan tests to identify clusters; regression models using the ordinary least squares and geographically weighted regression methods were used to identify factors associated with mortality, considering p-value < 0.05.

Relationship between social development indicators and mortality due to Diabetes Mellitus in Brazil: a space-time analysis.

Objective: to identify the space-time pattern of mortality due to Diabetes Mellitus in Brazil, as well as its relationship with social development indicators.

Method: an ecological and time series nationwide study based on secondary data from the Unified Health System Informatics Department, with space-time analysis and inclusion of indicators in non-spatial and spatial regression models. The following was performed: overall mortality rate calculation; characterization of the sociodemographic and regional profiles of the death cases by means of descriptive and time analysis; and elaboration of thematic maps.

Hybrid model for early identification post-Covid-19 sequelae.

Artificial Intelligence techniques based on Machine Learning algorithms, Neural Networks and Naïve Bayes can optimise the diagnostic process of the SARS-CoV-2 or Covid-19. The most significant help of these techniques is analysing data recorded by health professionals when treating patients with this disease. Health professionals' more specific focus is due to the reduction in the number of observable signs and symptoms, ranging from an acute respiratory condition to severe pneumonia, showing an efficient form of attribute engineering.

Development and validity of an educational folder for pulmonary tuberculosis sputum collection.

Objective: to develop and validate an educational folder for pulmonary tuberculosis sputum collection.

Method: a methodological study, developed in four phases: project design, bibliographic survey, development, and content and appearance validity. For validity, the Content Validity Index greater than or equal to 0.

Spatiotemporal pattern and factors related to childhood tuberculosis.

Aim: To identify the spatiotemporal pattern of childhood tuberculosis and the sociodemographic factors related to it.

Method: This is an ecological study, which used the municipalities of the state of Ceará as units of analysis. The Notifiable Diseases Information System was used as a data source from January 2001 to December 2017.

Spatiotemporal pattern and factors related to infant mortality in Northeast Brazil.

Objective: To analyze the spatiotemporal pattern and factors related to infant mortality in Northeastern Brazil from 2008 to 2018.

Method: Ecological study developed with infant deaths that occurred in the Northeast and reported in the Mortality Information System. Non-spatial and spatial regression models were used to identify indicators related to infant mortality.

Diabetes as a factor associated with hospital deaths due to COVID-19 in Brazil, 2020.

Objective: To analyze the association between diabetes mellitus and hospital deaths due to Covid-19 in Brazil, from February to August 2020.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on hospitalized flu-like syndrome cases, with a positive test result for COVID-19, reported on the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to estimate the magnitude of the association between diabetes and deaths.

Spatiotemporal pattern of the incidence of tuberculosis and associated factors.

Objective: To analyze the spatiotemporal pattern of tuberculosis incidence and its associated factors.

Methods: Ecological study, which used tuberculosis notifications during 2001-2017 and as units of analysis the municipalities of the state of Ceará of the Notifiable Diseases Information System. Time pattern analysis techniques and geographically weighted regression were used.

Spatial Distribution of Mortality for Heart Failure in Brazil, 1996 - 2017.

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, and is associated with the high use of resources and healthcare costs. In Brazil, the HF prevalence is around 2 million patients, and its incidence is of approximately 240,000 new cases per year.

Objective: The present investigation aimed to analyze the spatiotemporal trend of mortality caused by HF in Brazil, from 1996 to 2017.

Adherence to antiretroviral therapy by adults living with HIV/aids: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To verify the association between adherence to antiretroviral treatment by adults with HIV/AIDS and sociodemographic factors, social and clinical support.

Methods: Cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach. Participation of 230 patients.

Application of Data Mining Algorithms for Dementia in People with HIV/AIDS.

Dementia interferes with the individual's motor, behavioural, and intellectual functions, causing him to be unable to perform instrumental activities of daily living. This study is aimed at identifying the best performing algorithm and the most relevant characteristics to categorise individuals with HIV/AIDS at high risk of dementia from the application of data mining. Principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm was used and tested comparatively between the following machine learning algorithms: logistic regression, decision tree, neural network, KNN, and random forest.

Prevalence and associated factors of tuberculosis treatment abandonment.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of tuberculosis treatment abandonment and its associated factors.

Method: Cross-sectional study which used cases of tuberculosis in the System of Information on Notification Aggravations (Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação) from 2001 to 2017 in Ceará state. This study included 74,006 cases and the outcome was the closing situation "treatment abandonment".

Social vulnerability and COVID-19 incidence in a Brazilian metropolis.

Vulnerability is a crucial factor in addressing COVID-19 as it can aggravate the disease. Thus, it should be considered in COVID-19 control and health prevention and promotion. This ecological study aimed to analyze the spatial distribution of the incidence of COVID-19 cases in a Brazilian metropolis and its association with social vulnerability indicators.

Mortality due to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and associated social factors: a spatial analysis.

Objective: To analyze the spatial pattern of AIDS mortality and social factors associated with its occurrence.

Methods: An ecological study that considered 955 AIDS deaths of residents in Piauí, reported in the Mortality Information System (MIS) from 2007 to 2015. Non-spatial and spatial regression models were used to identify social determinants of AIDS mortality, with a significance of 5%.

COVID-19 in a state of Brazilian Northeast: Prevalence and associated factors in people with flu-like syndrome.

Aims And Objectives: To estimate the prevalence and associated factors of COVID-19 in people with flu-like syndrome in Ceará, Brazil.

Background: COVID-19 is an infectious disease that has led to a worldwide public health emergency. More than 30,000 cases were confirmed in Brazil, especially in the States of São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Ceará.

Estimation and prediction of COVID-19 cases in Brazilian metropolises.

Objective: to estimate the transmission rate, the epidemiological peak, and the number of deaths by the new coronavirus.

Method: a mathematical and epidemiological model of susceptible, infected, and recovered cases was applied to the nine Brazilian capitals with the highest number of cases of the infection. The number of cases for the 80 days following the first case was estimated by solving the differential equations.

Temporal pattern of tuberculosis cure, mortality, and treatment abandonment in Brazilian capitals.

Objective: to analyze the temporal pattern of tuberculosis cure, mortality, treatment abandonment in Brazilian capitals.

Method: this is an ecological study whose data source was the Information System of Notifiable Diseases for Tuberculosis (Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação para Tuberculose). For analysis of temporal evolution, regressions by join points were performed considering the annual percentage variation and the significance of the trend change with 95% confidence interval.

Clinical and epidemiological features of tuberculosis in children and adolescents.

Objective: To analyze the clinical and epidemiological features of tuberculosis in children and adolescents in an infectious diseases reference hospital.

Method: A documental and retrospective study was carried out with 88 medical files in an infectious diseases reference hospital in the state of Ceará. Data were analyzed by univariate, bivariate and multivariate approaches.

Validation of educational booklet for HIV/Aids prevention in older adults.

Objective: To describe the process of manufacturing and validation of an educational booklet for HIV/Aids prevention in older adults.

Methods: Methodological study developed in two phases - manufacturing of the booklet and validation of the educational material by judges. The manufacturing process involved a situational diagnosis with older adults, and its result indicated gaps in the knowledge with respect to HIV/Aids.

[Social representations of adolescents on sexual relations and the use of condoms].

The objective of this investigation was to identify how adolescents structure the social representations of sexual intercourse and use of condoms. Exploratory and descriptive research was conducted with a convenience sample consisting of 234 students of a public secondary school in Fortaleza-CE, Brazil, between July 2009 and April 2010. Data were collected using a questionnaire with variables on socioeconomic status and sexual behaviour, and Free Association test with three terms: 'sex', 'unprotected sex' and 'sex with a condom'.

[Knowledge and attitudes of a public school's adolescents on sexual transmission of HIV].

The research objectives were to describe the knowledge about the transmission of HIV/AIDS, analyze the sexual behavior and attitudes towards condom use among adolescents. Exploratory survey conducted in 2009 with 234 students of a school in Fortaleza, Brazil. We used semi - structured questionnaire and Likert Scale.

[Pain management in patients with AIDS: analysis of the management structure of a reference hospital].

The objective of this study was to analyze the structure for the management of pain in patients with AIDS in a reference hospital in Fortaleza, Brazil. This is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach, developed in 2010. Twenty interviews were performed with health care professionals (physicians and nurses), and analyzed according to the methodology of content analysis.