In-Hospital Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety are Strong Risk Factors for Post-Stroke Depression 90 Days After Ischemic Stroke.

Background And Purpose: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and depression are the major causes of disability and decreased quality of life worldwide. Psychiatric disorders are common after stroke, especially post-stroke depression (PSD), which affects one-third of survivors. Although frequent, little is known about the real complexity of the pathophysiology and the factors associated with PSD.

Factors associated with post-stroke depression in the acute phase of ischemic stroke: A cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Ischemic stroke is a remarkable cause of death and disability worldwide. Post-stroke depression (PSD) is the most common psychiatric disturbance after stroke. Despite PSD being a potentially treatable condition, it still requires approaches to improve the early diagnosis.

Acute Hemorrhagic Leukoencephalopathy Triggered by COVID-19 Infection.

This study represents an additional case of a rare entity and complication of COVID-19. To further describe COVID's association with acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalopathy (AHL), a variant of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Besides, subsequent neuropsychological evaluation is described.

Expanding the Landscape of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 5.

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 5 (SCA5) is a rare subtype of SCA that usually affects adults. It has been recently reported in children in Europe, North America, and China. This study aims to describe clinical, radiological, and genetic data of a child presenting with SCA5, caused by a heterozygous likely pathogenic missense variant in (NM_006946.

Acute ischemic stroke and COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil: a comparative study of frequency and risk factors before and during SARS-CoV-2 era.

Background: COVID-19 pandemic directly impacted the request for hospital care and medical assistance for several diseases worldwide, as occurred with acute ischemic stroke. The present study sought to compare the incidence and severity of acute ischemic stroke (AIS), in addition to sociodemographic, clinical, and radiological characteristics of patients hospitalized in the prepandemic (2018-2019) and pandemic (2020-2021) eras.

Methods: An incidence case-control, observational, and analytical research was carried out in the Stroke Unit of Hospital Governador Celso Ramos, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, including 171 patients admitted with acute ischemic stroke from April 2018 to April 2019 (prepandemic era) and 148 patients between January 2020 and January 2021 (during pandemic).

A novel DMD intronic alteration: a potentially disease-causing variant of an intermediate muscular dystrophy phenotype.

Pathogenic germline variants in gene, which encodes the well-known cytoskeletal protein named dystrophin, are associated with a wide range of dystrophinopathies disorders, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD, severe form), Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD, mild form) and intermediate muscular dystrophy (IMD). Muscle biopsy, immunohistochemistry, molecular (multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA)/next-generation sequencing (NGS) and Sanger methods) and in silico analyses were performed in order to identify alterations in gene and protein in a patient with a clinical manifestation and with high creatine kinase levels. Herein, we described a previously unreported intronic variant in and reduced dystrophin staining in the muscle biopsy.

Anxiety and depressive symptoms long after mesial temporal epilepsy surgery: A prospective study.

Background: Anxiety and depressive symptoms are prevalent in patients with refractory mesial temporal lobe epilepsy related to hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE-HS) before and after anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL).

Aims: (1) To follow the levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms long-term after ATL among patients with refractory MTLE-HS; (2) To identify pre- and postsurgical variables associated with the levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms after surgery.

Methods: We compared the levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms determined by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) before and long after ATL (mean 104 months, range 70-130) in 41 consecutive patients refractory MTLE-HS.

Female sex is strongly associated with cognitive impairment in HIV infection.

Background: Neurocognitive disorders remain frequent despite highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART). The CNS is known as the sanctuary of HIV infection, where persistent neuroinflammation occurs regardless of viral suppression. Moreover, opportunistic infections, neurovascular damage and HAART neurotoxicity contribute to neurocognitive impairment.