Genetic improvement of non-conventional for traditional sparkling winemaking by mixing for eventual hybridization with .

Non-conventional yeasts such as () have been proposed for sparkling winemaking. Unfortunately, this yeast has poor efficiency in completing wine fermentation as compared to (). New mutants with increased resistance to SO, ethanol, and high CO pressure were previously isolated from spore clones of .

Cost-Effective Method to Perform SARS-CoV-2 Variant Surveillance: Detection of Alpha, Gamma, Lambda, Delta, Epsilon, and Zeta in Argentina.

SARS-CoV-2 variants with concerning characteristics have emerged since the end of 2020. Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 variants was performed on a total of 4,851 samples from the capital city and 10 provinces of Argentina, during 51 epidemiological weeks (EWs) that covered the end of the first wave and the ongoing second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the country (EW 44/2020 to EW 41/2021). The surveillance strategy was mainly based on Sanger sequencing of a Spike coding region that allows the identification of signature mutations associated with variants.

Characterization and Sodium Cations Sorption Capacity of Chemically Modified Biochars Produced from Agricultural and Forestry Wastes.

Excessive amounts of sodium cations (Na) in water is an important limiting factor to reuse poor quality water in agriculture or industry, and recently, much attention has been paid to developing cost-effective and easily available water desalination technology that is not limited to natural resources. Biochar seems to be a promising solution for reducing high loads of inorganic contaminant from water and soil solution, and due to the high availability of biomass in agriculture and forestry, its production for these purposes may become beneficial. In the present research, wheat straw, sunflower husk, and pine-chip biochars produced at 250, 450 and 550 °C under simple torrefaction/pyrolysis conditions were chemically modified with ethanol or HCl to determine the effect of these activations on Na sorption capacity from aqueous solution.

Enhanced ammonia detoxification to urea in hepatocytes transduced with human aquaporin-8 gene.

Hepatic ammonia detoxification to urea is critical for the prevention of hyperammonemia and neurological damage. Hepatocyte mitochondrial aquaporin-8 (AQP8) channels have been involved in ammonia-derived ureagenesis. Herein, we studied whether the adenoviral gene transfer of human AQP8 (hAQP8) to hepatocyte mitochondria enhances ammonia conversion to urea.

Genetic Improvement of for Wine Fermentation: Eliminating Recessive Growth-Retarding Alleles and Obtaining New Mutants Resistant to SO, Ethanol, and High CO Pressure.

The use of has been repeatedly proposed to improve a wine's organoleptic quality. This yeast has lower efficiency in completing wine fermentation than since it has less fermentation capability and greater sensitivity to SO, ethanol, and CO pressure. Therefore, the completion of fermentation is not guaranteed when must or wine is single-inoculated with .

CXCL4L1 Promoter Polymorphisms Are Associated with Improved Renal Function in Type 1 Diabetes.

Inflammation is a recognized mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of renal dysfunction in type 1 diabetes. Evidence suggests that genetic factors modulate the expression of inflammatory genes, which may lead to an enhanced predisposition to developing renal complications in patients with diabetes. In this study, we examined 55 genetic variants from 16 human candidate inflammatory genes for associations with renal function expressed as the estimated glomerular filtration rate in 1540 participants from the Genetics of Kidneys in Diabetes study.

Using Torulaspora delbrueckii killer yeasts in the elaboration of base wine and traditional sparkling wine.

For still wines, killer strains of Torulaspora delbrueckii can be used instead of non-killer strains to improve this species' domination during must fermentation, with an ensured, reliable impact on the final wine quality. The present work analysed the usefulness of these killer yeasts for sparkling-wine making. After the first fermentation, the foaming capacity of T.

Valorization of biochars from pinewood gasification and municipal solid waste torrefaction as peat substitutes.

Gasification and torrefaction have both gained significant interest as bioenergy techniques. During biomass gasification together with fuel gas, carbon-rich solid substances are produced, whereas torrefaction process is mainly used to prepare a final product with higher calorific value and carbon content than the feedstock, through a low temperature pyrolysis. Both materials (carbon wastes from gasification and torrefied product) could be classified as alternatives to biochar obtained from slow pyrolysis of biomass.

Infant growth and early adiposity depending on immigrant background and anthropometric standards; the CALINA Study.

Objective: To compare infant growth and adiposity pattern up to 2 years of age in Spanish infants, depending on maternal origin and anthropometric standards.

Methods: Longitudinal study of a representative cohort of infants born at term in Aragon (Spain) (n = 1.430).

Using mixed inocula of Saccharomyces cerevisiae killer strains to improve the quality of traditional sparkling-wine.

The quality of traditional sparkling-wine depends on the aging process in the presence of dead yeast cells. These cells undergo a slow autolysis process thereby releasing some compounds, mostly colloidal polymers such as polysaccharides and mannoproteins, which influence the wine's foam properties and mouthfeel. Saccharomyces cerevisiae killer yeasts were tested to increase cell death and autolysis during mixed-yeast-inoculated second fermentation and aging.

Effects of new Torulaspora delbrueckii killer yeasts on the must fermentation kinetics and aroma compounds of white table wine.

Torulaspora delbrueckii is becoming widely recommended for improving some specific characteristics of wines. However, its impact on wine quality is still far from satisfactory at the winery level, mostly because it is easily replaced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae-like yeasts during must fermentation. New T.

FoxO3a modulation and promotion of apoptosis by interferon-α2b in rat preneoplastic liver.

Background: FoxO3a, a member of the FOXO family of transcription factors, is expressed in adult liver and modulates the expression of genes involved in apoptosis. FoxO3a is post-translationally regulated, negatively by PI3K/Akt and MAPK/Erk and positively by oxidative stress/JNK pathways. In previous works, we have demonstrated that interferon-α2b (IFN-α2b) induces apoptosis of hepatic preneoplastic foci through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Characterization, ecological distribution, and population dynamics of Saccharomyces sensu stricto killer yeasts in the spontaneous grape must fermentations of southwestern Spain.

Killer yeasts secrete protein toxins that are lethal to sensitive strains of the same or related yeast species. Among the four types of Saccharomyces killer yeasts already described (K1, K2, K28, and Klus), we found K2 and Klus killer yeasts in spontaneous wine fermentations from southwestern Spain. Both phenotypes were encoded by medium-size double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses, Saccharomyces cerevisiae virus (ScV)-M2 and ScV-Mlus, whose genome sizes ranged from 1.

[Vitamin D and fractures in the elderly].

Osteoporosis and the subsequent fractures caused by this are a source of morbidity and mortality in the elderly population. It is also often the start of the cascade that culminates in frailty and dependence. Vitamin D has a direct relationship with the appearance of osteoporosis and with the risk of fractures.

RNA mapping protocols: Northern blot and amplification of cDNA ends.

Mapping of transcribed mRNA and protein coding sequences is the initial step in functional characterization of genomic sequences. There are several techniques to identify transcribed sequences; however, Northern blot analysis remains a standard method for detection and quantification of mRNA levels despite the relatively recent availability of other methods, such as RT-PCR (reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction), which are also sensitive, accurate, cost-effective, and simple to use. Northern blot analysis provides a direct relative comparison of message abundance between samples on a single membrane.

A low-cost procedure for production of fresh autochthonous wine yeast.

A low-cost procedure was designed for easy and rapid response-on-demand production of fresh wine yeast for local wine-making. The pilot plant produced fresh yeast culture concentrate with good microbial quality and excellent oenological properties from four selected wine yeasts. The best production yields were obtained using 2% sugar beet molasses and a working culture volume of less than 60% of the fermenter capacity.

Attenuation of the Wnt/beta-catenin/TCF pathway by in vivo interferon-alpha2b (IFN-alpha2b) treatment in preneoplastic rat livers.

Wnt/beta-catenin/T cell factor (TCF) pathway is activated in several types of human cancers, promoting cell growth and proliferation. Forkhead box containing protein class O (FOXO) transcription factors compete with TCF for beta-catenin binding, particularly under cellular oxidative stress conditions. Contrary to beta-catenin/TCF, beta-catenin/FOXO promotes the transcription of genes involved in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.

Tumor necrosis factor alpha induced by Trypanosoma cruzi infection mediates inflammation and cell death in the liver of infected mice.

Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) infected C57BL/6 mice developed a progressive fatal disease due to an imbalance in the profile of circulating related compounds accompanying infection like tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha). TNFalpha has been proposed as an important effector molecule in apoptosis.

In vitro cytotoxicity and mitochondrial toxicity of tenofovir alone and in combination with other antiretrovirals in human renal proximal tubule cells.

We assessed the in vitro toxicity of tenofovir (TFV) and compared it with those of zidovudine (AZT), didanosine (ddI), ritonavir (RTV), and lopinavir (LPV) alone and in combination in human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells (RPTECs). The cells were treated with various concentrations and combinations of the tested antiretrovirals for up to 22 days, and cytotoxicity was determined. In addition, we assessed the levels of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and cytochrome oxidase II (COII) mRNA in RPTECs treated with reverse transcriptase inhibitors.

Rhodamine-pink as a genetic marker for yeast populations in wine fermentation.

Winemaking with selected yeasts requires simple techniques to monitor the inoculated yeast. New high-concentration rhodamine-resistant mutants and low-concentration rhodamine-pink mutants, easy to detect by replica-plate assay, were obtained from selected wine yeasts. The rhodamine-pink mutations were dominant and were located at the pdr5 locus that encodes for the Pdr5 ATP-binding cassette multidrug resistance transporter.

[Tobacco advertising and printed mass media in Spain: a fatal attraction].

Objective: Tobacco advertising is a powerful factor in encouraging smoking initiation. We analyzed tobacco advertising in written mass media in Spain between 2002 and 2005.

Methods: We performed an annual cross-sectional study of advertisements in the 41 most widely disseminated written mass media (nearly 10 million readers).

Effects of contrast media on renal function in patients with cirrhosis: a prospective study.

Patients with cirrhosis are frequently submitted to radiological procedures that require the administration of contrast media. Contrast media is a well-known cause of renal failure, particularly in the presence of some predisposing conditions. However, it is not known whether cirrhosis constitutes a risk factor for contrast media-induced renal failure.

Expression of two androgen-induced proteins (pepsinogen C and apolipoprotein d) in epithelial skin cancers of the eyelids.

By immunohistochemistry, we investigated pepsinogen C (pepC) and apolipoprotein D (apoD) expressions in 23 basal cell (BCC) and 25 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the eyelids and analyzed the possible relationship to clinicopathological parameters. A total of 3 (13%) BCC and 7 (28%) SCC stained positively for pepC, whereas 11 (47.8%) BCC and 6 (24%) SCC stained positively for apoD.

The rapid effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 require the vitamin D receptor and influence 24-hydroxylase activity: studies in human skin fibroblasts bearing vitamin D receptor mutations.

If both rapid and genomic pathways may co-exist in the same cell, the involvement of the nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR) in the rapid effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25-(OH)(2)D(3)) remains unclear. We therefore studied rapid and long term effects of 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) in cultured skin fibroblasts from three patients with severe vitamin D-resistant rickets and one age-matched control. Patients bear homozygous missense VDR mutations that abolished either VDR binding to DNA (patient 1, mutation K45E) or its stable ligand binding (patients 2 and 3, mutation W286R).