Strong Associations Between Childhood Victimization and Community Violence in Male Forensic Mental Health Patients.

Childhood abuse and neglect increase the risk of both mental disorders and violent behavior. Associations between child relational adversities and violent behavior have not been extensively investigated in forensic mental health settings. We asked whether the extent of child adversities predicts the extent of violence in the community in forensic mental health patients.

Characteristics of adolescents frequently restrained in acute psychiatric units in Norway: a nationwide study.

Background: The use of restraints in adolescent psychiatric settings requires particular professional, ethical, and legal considerations. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the number of restraint episodes per patient was related to any of several characteristics of the adolescents.

Methods: In this nationwide study, we included all adolescents restrained during the period 2008-2010 (N = 267) in Norwegian adolescent acute psychiatric inpatient units.

A nationwide study of why and how acute adolescent psychiatric units use restraint.

The purpose of this study was to examine the type, reason, and duration of restraint episodes in acute adolescent psychiatric units. In a retrospective design we included data from paper-based protocols on all episodes of restraint and data from electronic patient records during 2008-2010 in all acute adolescent psychiatric in-patient units in Norway (N=16). The episodes of restraint included mechanical and pharmacological restraint, seclusion and physical holding that was not part of the implementation of forced feeding.

Characteristics of adolescents subjected to restraint in acute psychiatric units in Norway: a case-control study.

Objective: Use of restraint in psychiatric treatment is controversial. This study compared social, mental health, and treatment characteristics of restrained and nonrestrained adolescents in acute psychiatric inpatient units.

Methods: In a retrospective case-control design, we included all adolescents restrained during 2008-2010 (N=288) in all acute psychiatric inpatient units that accepted involuntarily admitted adolescents in Norway (N=16).

Characteristics of patients frequently subjected to pharmacological and mechanical restraint--a register study in three Norwegian acute psychiatric wards.

This retrospective study from three catchment-area-based acute psychiatric wards showed that of all the pharmacologically and mechanically restrained patients (n=373) 34 (9.1%) had been frequently restrained (6 or more times). These patients accounted for 39.

Mechanical and pharmacological restraints in acute psychiatric wards--why and how are they used?

Restraint use has been reported to be common in acute psychiatry, but empirical research is scarce concerning why and how restraints are used. This study analysed data from patients' first episodes of restraint in three acute psychiatric wards during a 2-year study period. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors for type and duration of restraint.

Characteristics of psychiatric inpatients who experienced restraint and those who did not: a case-control study.

Objective: Use of restraint in acute psychiatric wards is highly controversial. Knowledge is limited about the characteristics of patients who are restrained and the predictors of use of restraint. This study examined whether restrained patients differed from nonrestrained patients in demographic, clinical, and medicolegal variables and to what extent the variables predicted use of restraint.