Epidemiological study of secondary bloodstream infections: The forgotten issue.

Objective: Secondary bacteraemia infections (SBI) are poorly studied. We analyse the epidemiology of nosocomial SBI, potential risk factors and mortality of affected patients.

Methods: Prospective study of patients with bacteraemia from 2009 to 2014 in a tertiary hospital.

Outbreak of vancomycin-resistant on a haematology ward: management and control.

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) infections and outbreaks are still infrequent in Spain. A six-month outbreak, which took place in a haematology ward, its control and management are described in this study. A total of 22 patients were colonised and two bloodstream infections occurred during this period.

Risk factors associated with carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae fecal carriage: A case-control study in a Spanish tertiary care hospital.

Asymptomatic colonization of the gastrointestinal tract by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae is an important reservoir for transmission that may precede infection. This prospective, observational, case-control study was designed to identify risk factors for carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPKP) fecal carriage. This study included 87 cases and 200 controls.

Risk factors for development of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-positive clinical culture in nasal carriers after decolonization treatment.

Background: Active surveillance systems are effective in reducing health care-associated infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Nonetheless, some patients develop MRSA infection despite control measures. We tried to identify risk factors related to the appearance of MRSA at sites other than the nasal fossa in patients who were nasal carriers of MRSA.

Lower associated costs using rifampicin-miconazole‒impregnated catheters compared with standard catheters.

Previous cost-effectiveness analyses found that antibiotic-impregnated catheters decrease the incidence of catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) as well as the costs related to central venous catheter (CVC) use, including increased hospital length of stay. The effect varied greatly among the studies, however. In this retrospective cohort study, compared with standard catheters, the use of rifampicin-miconazole-impregnated catheters was associated with lower CRBSI incidence and immediate CVC-related costs (taking into account only the costs of CVC, diagnosis, and treatment of CRBSI) (P < .

[Study of the first outbreak of vanA enterococcus faecium in the Canary Islands].

Introduction: In July, 2005 the first vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREF) with a genotype vanA was isolated in Hospital Universitario de Canarias (HUC). From September to December 2005, VREF vanA was isolated from another 15 patients (3 nosocomial infections and 12 rectal carriers). All of them were kidney transplant patients hospitalized in the Nephrology ward.

The use of rifampicin-miconazole-impregnated catheters reduces the incidence of femoral and jugular catheter-related bacteremia.

Background: The guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention do not recommend the use of an antimicrobial- or antiseptic-impregnated catheter for short-term use. In previous studies, we have found a higher incidence of central venous catheter-related bacteremia among patients with femoral and central jugular accesses than among patients with other venous accesses.

Objective: The objective of our study was to determine the incidence of central venous catheter-related bacteremia associated with rifampicin-miconazole-impregnated catheters and standard catheters in patients with femoral and central jugular venous accesses.