Positive drug provocation with beta-lactam antibiotics in children: A single test may not be enough.

Background: Drug provocation tests (DPTs) are considered the gold standard for diagnosing beta-lactam allergy. However, positive results tend to be mild and difficult to interpret. This study aimed to describe pediatric patients with a presumedly positive or inconclusive DPT, assess the decision to repeat the DPT, and describe its outcome.

Epidemiology of pediatric parapneumonic pleural effusion during 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine implementation.

Introduction: The reported incidence of parapneumonic pleural effusion, including empyema, has shown fluctuations in the last decades. It has been related to the implementation of different types of conjugate pneumococcal vaccines.

Methods: We have retrospectively reviewed data from all 10 public hospitals in Alicante Province (Spain) covering a population of 279,000 children under 15 years of age, between 2010 and 2018.

Population-Based Cohort of Children With Parapneumonic Effusion and Empyema Managed With Low Rates of Pleural Drainage.

The most appropriate treatment for parapneumonic effusion (PPE), including empyema, is controversial. We analyzed the experience of our center and the hospitals in its reference area after adopting a more conservative approach that reduced the use of chest tube pleural drainage (CTPD). Review of the clinical documentation of all PPE patients in nine hospitals from 2010 to 2018.