Mixed monolayer of DPPC and lysine-based cationic surfactants: an investigation into the antimicrobial activity.

In this paper, we report studies which aim to elucidate the mechanisms involved in the antimicrobial activity of three cationic lysine-based surfactants: LLM, LALM, and C6 (LL)2. To this end, a simple membrane model (i.e.

Bacterial community dynamics and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation during bioremediation of heavily creosote-contaminated soil.

Bacterial community dynamics and biodegradation processes were examined in a highly creosote-contaminated soil undergoing a range of laboratory-based bioremediation treatments. The dynamics of the eubacterial community, the number of heterotrophs and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) degraders, and the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) and PAH concentrations were monitored during the bioremediation process. TPH and PAHs were significantly degraded in all treatments (72 to 79% and 83 to 87%, respectively), and the biodegradation values were higher when nutrients were not added, especially for benzo(a)anthracene and chrysene.