Using Culturally Adapted Theater Outreach to Promote Cancer Screening Among Medically Underserved Minority Communities.

Black, Hispanic, and Asian individuals, the three largest US racial/ethnic minorities, continue to suffer disproportionately from breast, cervical, and colon cancers largely because cancer screening continues to be underutilized even after decades of availability. This study examined the utility of theoretically grounded and culturally adapted in-person theater monologues aimed at promoting early detection screening among the three highest population racial/ethnic groups in Harris County, Houston, TX. Nine monologues were created to promote cancer screening and early detection for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancers in three different languages (English, Spanish, Vietnamese) and targeting underserved Black, Hispanic, and Vietnamese adult Harris County residents.

Self-Sampling for Human Papillomavirus Testing: Acceptability in a U.S. Safety Net Health System.

Introduction: Self-sampling for human papillomavirus testing is increasingly recognized as a strategy to expand cervical cancer screening access and utilization. Acceptability is a key determinant of uptake. This study assesses the acceptability of and experiences with mailed self-sampling kits for human papillomavirus testing among underscreened patients in a safety net health system.

Health equity in action: using community-engaged research to update an intervention promoting a healthy home food environment to Black/African American families.

Purpose: Describe the method for conducting community-engaged research to identify needed changes for an existing evidence-based intervention, and prepare it for implementation in a community setting within the Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center catchment area in an effort to achieve more equitable outcomes in diet-related disease risk factors.

Methods: The intervention, Family Eats, was developed over 10 years ago. It works directly with parents of Black/African American 9-12 year old children to create a healthy home food environment to support prevention of obesity and related cancers.

Gender Differences in Self-Efficacy for Diabetes Self-Management Among Hispanics: The Mediating Role of Perceived Support and Depressive Symptoms.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the extent to which perceived support and depressive symptoms might interfere with Hispanic patients' ability to manage their diabetes and whether these effects vary by gender.

Methods: Data were collected from a cohort of 232 Hispanic men and women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Conditional process analysis was used to test a moderated mediation model of the time-lagged processes associating gender, diabetes support, and depressive symptoms with reported self-efficacy after 3 months.

The Texas collaborative center for hepatocellular cancer: Reducing liver cancer mortality in Texas through coordination, collaboration and advocacy.

Texas has the highest age-adjusted incidence rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the United States. To address cancer prevention and early detection through research, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT) has funded the Texas Collaborative Center for Hepatocellular Cancer (TeCH) to facilitate liver cancer research, education and advocacy activities. This paper describes the organizational structure, program measures, the actions completed and future plans of TeCH.

Human Papillomavirus Vaccinations During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Middle Schools in the Rio Grande Valley of Texas.

This quasi-experimental study (a community-based, physician-led human papillomavirus [HPV] education campaign and school-based vaccination program) followed 6481 students at eight Pharr-San Juan-Alamo Independent School District (Rio Grande Valley, Texas) middle schools between August 2016 and March 2021. We describe the successes and challenges experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic. HPV vaccine initiation and completion rates increased 1.

Psychosocial Contributors to Depressive Symptoms in Hispanic Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify psychosocial factors associated with depressive symptoms in Hispanic patients with diabetes and explore the extent to which their effects may vary by gender and acculturation.

Methods: The authors completed a secondary analysis of data from 247 Hispanic adults with type 2 diabetes. Gender and language groups were compared using chi-square and tests.

Human papillomavirus awareness among foreign- and US-born Hispanics, United States, 2017-2018.

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV vaccine knowledge and awareness are known to be lower among Hispanics compared to non-Hispanic whites. However, Hispanics in the US are a non-homogenous population, with significant differences by nativity, particularly between the US-and foreign-born individuals. We examined HPV and HPV vaccine awareness among foreign-born Hispanics, US-born Hispanics, and US-born non-Hispanic whites.

Adolescent electronic cigarette counselling: knowledge, attitudes and perceived barriers among clinical staff in a primary care setting.

Objective: To assess knowledge, attitudes, and perceived barriers (KAP) regarding e-cigarette use counselling among adolescent healthcare clinical staff in an urban system, and to compare results between providers and rooming staff.

Methods: Primary care clinical staff (n = 169) completed an anonymous survey. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were used to summarize data and compare KAP between medical providers and rooming staff.

Incomplete Records as a Leading Cause of Missed Opportunity for Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Initiation in a Safety Net Health System.

Objective: The goal of this study was to categorize reasons behind missed opportunities for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine initiation in an under-resourced population and to identify associated patient and clinic characteristics.

Methods: Manual chart review was performed for patients aged 11 to 18 years who visited a primary care clinic in a health system in Texas, USA between 06/01/18 and 08/31/18 and were due for an initial HPV vaccine dose but did not receive it. Reasons for HPV vaccine noninitiation were categorized as follows: incomplete immunization record, no documentation of discussion (no documentation that the HPV vaccine was offered or ordered), refusal, staff/provider error, and medical.

Preferred Strategies for Delivering Health Information to Patients With Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Qualitative Study.

Background: Patients' information needs may differ from what their care providers may perceive to be the patients' needs. This discordance needs to be recognized and addressed.

Objective: We conducted a qualitative study to explore the perceptions of patients with selected musculoskeletal disorders and those of rheumatologists, on their preferred strategies for delivery of disease management information.

Mailed self-sample HPV testing kits to improve cervical cancer screening in a safety net health system: protocol for a hybrid effectiveness-implementation randomized controlled trial.

Background: Almost 20% of U.S. women remain at risk for cervical cancer due to their inability or unwillingness to participate in periodic clinic-based screening.

Randomized Controlled Trial of Patient Education Tools for Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Objective: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of 2 educational tools for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by comparing a newly developed video tool, including storylines and testimonials, combined with a written booklet to the same written booklet alone.

Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial. Our primary outcome was disease knowledge.

Impact of Colonoscopy Preparation Video on Boston Bowel Preparation Scale Score.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States and the third most common cancer in men and the second most common cancer among women. Early detection of localized adenocarcinoma and adenomatous polyps helps reduce the mortality related to colon cancer. According to the American Gastroenterological Association, colonoscopy (CSPY) is the gold standard in screening for CRC.

The effects of culturally targeted patient decision aids on medical consultation preparation for Hispanic women in the U.S.: Results from four randomized experiments.

Rationale: Do culturally targeted patient decision aids (DAs) better prepare lower-middle and middle-class Hispanic American women for medical decision making compared to DAs designed for the general population? Health promotion evidence indicates that inclusion of cultural values, imagery, linguistics, and health data in a DA will improve ethnic patients' preparation relative to a generic DA; yet, this hypothesis remains untested.

Method: Four experiments examined consultation preparation effects of culturally targeted versus generic DAs for Hispanic women living in the United States. Drawing on highly rated online DAs, an experienced Hispanic content developer and Hispanic focus groups worked with researchers to develop culturally targeted digital DAs.

Development and Pilot Testing of Multimedia Patient Education Tools for Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis, Osteoporosis, and Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Objective: We developed and tested multimedia patient education tools (video tools) for patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA), osteoporosis (OP), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: We followed an "edutainment" model, incorporating educational patient story lines. The goals were designed to make the programs both didactic and entertaining, with navigation and graphic user interfaces as simple as possible.

An entertainment-education colorectal cancer screening decision aid for African American patients: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Colorectal cancer screening rates for African American patients remain suboptimal. Patient decision aids designed with an entertainment-education approach have been shown to improve saliency and foster informed decision making. The purpose of this study was to assess whether an entertainment-education decision aid tailored for African American patients improved patients' decision making, attitudes, intentions, or colorectal cancer screening behavior.

Development of a Nutrition Education Intervention for Food Bank Clients.

The focus of this article is the development of a nutrition education intervention for food bank clients. Formative research using mixed-methods (qualitative and quantitative) and community-based participatory research principles was conducted to assess the nutrition education needs of clients obtaining service from the Houston Food Bank (HFB). Participants were HFB and pantry staff and clients.

Non-utilization of the Pap Test Among Women with Frequent Health System Contact.

Despite improvements in health access, many underserved women abstain from cervical cancer screening. A self-administered questionnaire was used to identify factors determining whether medically underserved women attending a safety net health system regularly are screened for cervical cancer. Approximately 11 % of study subjects had never received a Pap test despite an average of nearly four clinic visits in the preceding 12 months.

Incorporating Cultural Sensitivity into Interactive Entertainment-Education for Diabetes Self-Management Designed for Hispanic Audiences.

Diabetes self-management education can improve outcomes in adults with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, Hispanics, a group that carries a large burden of disease, may not participate in diabetes education programs. Audience engagement with entertainment-education has been associated with improved health education outcomes and may engage and empower Hispanic users to active self-care.

Hispanic Acculturation and Gender Differences in Support and Self-Efficacy for Managing Diabetes.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether perceived support, social norms, and their association with self-efficacy varied by gender and language-based acculturation in Hispanic men and women with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: A cross-sectional, secondary analysis of baseline survey data from a randomized control trial. Participants were 248 Hispanic patients from 4 community health centers who participated in a culturally targeted intervention for diabetes management.

Assessment of factors impacting cervical cancer screening among low-income women living with HIV-AIDS.

Very little is currently known about factors impacting the prevalence of cervical cancer screening among women living with HIV-AIDS (WLHA). To better understand this issue, we surveyed low-income, medically underserved women receiving subsidized gynecologic care through an integrated HIV clinic. A self-administered questionnaire was completed by 209 women who self-identified as HIV positive.

Social factors and barriers to self-care adherence in Hispanic men and women with diabetes.

Objective: To explore quantitatively the extent to which social support, social norms and barriers are associated with self-efficacy and self-care adherence in Hispanic patients with diabetes and the extent to which these differ for men and women.

Methods: Baseline survey data were collected from 248 low-SES, Hispanic men and women who were participants in a randomized controlled trial of a culturally targeted intervention for diabetes management. Student's t, Pearson correlations and multiple regression were used to analyze the data.

Implementing targeted cervical cancer screening videos at the point of care.

Objective: To develop and implement educational videos to improve cervical cancer health literacy for patients within a safety net healthcare system.

Methods: Testimonial-style videos were developed with the goal of describing the Pap test to low literacy patients and motivating them to participate in regular cervical cancer screening. Nurses were trained to use the electronic medical record to identify patients due or past due for a Pap test according to the current screening guidelines.

A novel colorectal and cervical cancer education program: findings from the community network for cancer prevention Forum Theater program.

Medically underserved populations continue to be disproportionately burdened by cancer. The exact reason for this disparity has not been fully elucidated, but likely involves multiple factors. We explored the potential utility of a novel community-based cancer education program called Forum Theater (FT), aimed at raising awareness about colorectal (CRC) and cervical cancer (CxC) screening among African-American, Hispanic, and Vietnamese populations.