Counteracting diabetes-induced adipose tissue derived-stromal cell senescence.

Adipose tissue stromal cells (ADSCs) are prone to functional decline and senescence during metabolic disturbances. In diabetes mellitus (DM), the pathogenic microenvironment induces oxidative stress causing ADSCs to senesce. The senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in turn drives disease progression.

The Effect of N-Acetylcysteine and Ascorbic Acid-2-Phosphate Supplementation on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Function in B6.C-Lep/J Type 2 Diabetic Mice.

Diabetes is a complex multifactorial disorder associated with hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation. The pathological microenvironment impairs mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) viability and dysregulates their proregenerative and immune-modulatory function causing maladaptive tissue damage. Targeting stem cells to protect them against impairment could thus delay the onset of complications and enhance the quality of life in diabetes mellitus patients.

Model for Studying the Effects of Chronic Metabolic Disease on Endogenous Bone Marrow Stem Cell Populations.

Disease-associated impairment/dysfunction of stem cell populations is prominent in chronic metabolic and inflammatory diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) where the multifunctional properties (viability, proliferation, paracrine secretion, multilineage differentiation) of bone marrow resident mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be affected. The growth and viability impairments make it difficult to study the underlying molecular mechanisms related to the dysfunction of these cells in vitro. We have consequently optimized the isolation and culture conditions for impaired/dysfunctional bone marrow MSCs from B6.

ADSC-conditioned media elicit an ex vivo anti-inflammatory macrophage response.

Obesity-associated inflammatory mechanisms play a key role in the pathogenesis of metabolic-related diseases. Failure of anti-inflammatory control mechanisms within adipose tissue and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) have been implicated in disease progression. This study investigated the efficacy of allogeneic adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells conditioned media (ADSC-CM) to counteract persistent inflammation by inducing an anti-inflammatory phenotype and cytokine response within PBMCs derived from patients with and without metabolic syndrome.