HTLV-2 Enhances CD8 T Cell-Mediated HIV-1 Inhibition and Reduces HIV-1 Integrated Proviral Load in People Living with HIV-1.

People living with HIV-1 and HTLV-2 concomitantly show slower CD4 T cell depletion and AIDS progression, more frequency of the natural control of HIV-1, and lower mortality rates. A similar beneficial effect of this infection has been reported on HCV coinfection reducing transaminases, increasing the spontaneous clearance of HCV infection and delaying the development of hepatic fibrosis. Given the critical role of CD8 T cells in controlling HIV-1 infection, we analysed the role of CD8 T cell-mediated cytotoxic activity in coinfected individuals living with HIV-1.

New signatures of poor CD4 cell recovery after suppressive antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1-infected individuals: involvement of miR-192, IL-6, sCD14 and miR-144.

Up to 40% of newly diagnosed cases of HIV-1 infection are late diagnoses, with a profound decrease in CD4 cell counts in many cases. One-third of these individuals do not achieve optimal CD4 cell recovery (OR) after suppressive antiretroviral treatment (ART). This retrospective/longitudinal study of poor recovery (PR) included 79 HIV-1-infected individuals with CD4 count <200 cells/mm (25 PR and 54 OR) before ART.

Lower expression of plasma-derived exosome miR-21 levels in HIV-1 elite controllers with decreasing CD4 T cell count.

Exosome-derived miR-21 was independently associated with CD4 T cell decline in HIV-1-infected elite controllers (OR 0.369, 95% CI 0.137-0.