New Pyrazolium Salts as a Support for Ionic Liquid Crystals and Ionic Conductors.

Ionic liquid crystals (ILCs) are a class of materials that combine the properties of liquid crystals (LCs) and ionic liquids (ILs). This type of materials is directed towards properties such as conductivity in ordered systems at different temperatures. In this work, we synthesize five new families of ILCs containing symmetrical and unsymmetrical substituted pyrazolium cations, with different alkyl long-chains, and anions such as Cl, BF₄, ReO₄, -CH₃-₆H₄SO₃ (PTS) and CF₃SO₃ (OTf).

Diketonylpyridinium Cations as a Support of New Ionic Liquid Crystals and Ion-Conductive Materials: Analysis of Counter-Ion Effects.

Ionic liquid crystals (ILCs) allow the combination of the high ionic conductivity of ionic liquids (ILs) with the supramolecular organization of liquid crystals (LCs). ILCs salts were obtained by the assembly of long-chained diketonylpyridinium cations of the type [HOO]⁺ and BF₄, ReO₄, NO₃, CF₃SO₃, CuCl₄ counter-ions. We have studied the thermal behavior of five series of compounds by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and hot stage polarized light optical microscopy (POM).

[The association between bronchiectasis, systemic inflammation, and tumor necrosis factor alpha].

Objective: The relationship between systemic inflammation and different measures of bronchiectasis severity has not been described. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between plasma concentrations of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), as a marker of systemic inflammation, and some commonly used criteria for quantifying bronchiectasis severity in clinically stable patients whose disease was not caused by cystic fibrosis.

Patients And Methods: Sixty-eight clinically stable patients with bronchiectasis and 19 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects were included in the study.

[Decrease of serum cholinesterase in colorectal cancer].

Background And Objective: Cholinesterase is an enzyme with an unknown physiologic function. Some situations are related to a decreased serum cholinesterase activity but those situations are not well defined and the responsible mechanisms are unknown. Malignancy is one of these situations.

[Bronchiectasis in the elderly. Study of serum levels of immunoglobulin G subclasses].

Background And Objective: To analyze the serum levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses in a broad range of elderly patients with bronchiectasis.

Patients And Method: Data were collected from all patients who had a high-resolution chest computerized axial tomography diagnosis of bronchiectasis in our center. We gathered data related to case history, respiratory symptoms, forced spirometry, general laboratory tests, immunoglobulin concentration (including IgG subclasses), Mantoux test, sputum culture and staining, paranasal sinus X-rays/computerized axial tomography, and a specific etiologic evaluation based on the available clinical evidence.