Protective Orders for Male Perpetrators of Intimate Partner Violence: Differences Between Violators and Non-Violators.

The goal of this study was to determine the profile of the aggressors of intimate partner violence (IPV), who tend to violate protective orders (POs). A cohort of 200 men convicted of IPV (120 violators and 80 non-violators of the POs) was studied. Male perpetrators were more likely to belong to the PO violator group when they had a prior criminal history, they inflicted more severe physical violence, they were drug users, and they had a low education level.

Two Cases of Consecutive Toxic Anterior Segment Syndrome after Uneventful Trabeculectomy Surgeries in a Tertiary Center.

Toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS) is a severe, acute, sterile intraocular inflammation that occurs the same day or in the early stages after intraocular surgery. It has been most commonly reported after phacoemulsification. We report 2 cases that developed TASS after sequential uneventful trabeculectomy surgeries, in which a quaternary ammonium compound was used for the disinfection of surgical instruments.

Family witnessed resuscitation and invasive procedures: Patient and family opinions.

Background: Family presence during invasive procedures and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (FPDR) is a highly controversial issue, with divergence of opinion among health professionals, with clinical evidence in favor, and with barriers to its implementation in comprehensive patient care. Many international organizations support health policies for its implementation, but it is not a widespread practice. Little research has been conducted on this subject from the perspective of patients and families.

Ocular Histopathologic Features of Congenital Zika Syndrome.

Importance: Congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) is known to be associated with severe malformations in newborns. Although microcephaly is the hallmark of this disease, the ocular findings are important given the severe visual impairment that has been observed in these patients. Regardless of the increased number of CZS cases reported, to date, no studies have described the ocular histopathologic findings of this entity.

Reliability of age estimation from iliac auricular surface in a subactual Chilean sample.

The aim of this study was to test the reliability of Osborne et al. (2004) [8] age estimation based on the iliac auricular surface of the ilium. We selected 172 skeletons with documented sex and age-at-death and established six uniformly distributed age intervals for analysis.

Severe Neurologic Disorders in 2 Fetuses with Zika Virus Infection, Colombia.

We report the results of pathologic examinations of 2 fetuses from women in Colombia with Zika virus infection during pregnancy that revealed severe central nervous system defects and potential associated abnormalities of the eye, spleen, and placenta. Amniotic fluid and tissues from multiple fetal organs tested positive for Zika virus.

Survival in ventricular fibrillation with emphasis on the number of defibrillations in relation to other factors at resuscitation.

Introduction: Mortality after out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is high and a shockable rhythm is a key predictor of survival. A concomitant need for repeated shocks appears to be associated with less favorable outcome.

Aim: To, among patients found in ventricular fibrillation (VF) or pulseless ventricular tachycardia (pVT) describe: (a) factors associated with 30-day survival with emphasis on the number of defibrillatory shocks delivered; (b) the distribution of and the characteristics of patients in relation to the number of defibrillatory shocks that were delivered.

How the context of ambulance care influences learning to become a specialist ambulance nurse a Swedish perspective.

Objectives: Ambulance emergency care is multifaceted with extraordinary challenges to implement accurate assessment and care. A clinical learning environment providing opportunities for mastering these essential skills is a key component in ensuring that prehospital emergency nurse (PEN) students acquire the necessary clinical competence.

Aim: The aim is to understand how PEN students experience their clinically based training, focusing on their learning process.

Dietary practices in ancient populations from northern Chile during the transition to agriculture (Tarapacá region, 1000 BC-AD 900).

Objective: The goal of this research is to understand the relevance of diet diversity during the transition to agriculture, in ancient populations from northern Chile, especially considering the significance of marine resources and crops in a lesser degree.

Methods: A total of 14 human individuals were sampled from the Tarapacá 40 cemetery. Both bone and tooth samples were collected.

Ethical values in emergency medical services: A pilot study.

Background: Ambulance professionals often address conflicts between ethical values. As individuals' values represent basic convictions of what is right or good and motivate behaviour, research is needed to understand their value profiles.

Objectives: To translate and adapt the Managerial Values Profile to Spanish and Swedish, and measure the presence of utilitarianism, moral rights and/or social justice in ambulance professionals' value profiles in Spain and Sweden.

Implementation of mechanical chest compression in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in an emergency medical service system.

Aim: The aim of this study is to describe the outcome changes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in Gothenburg, Sweden, after introduction of mechanical chest compression (MCC).

Methods: Following introduction of MCC, 1183 OHCA patients were treated from November 1, 2007, to December 31, 2011 (period 2). They were compared with 1218 OHCA patients before MCC was introduced from January 1, 1998, to May 30, 2003 (period 1).

Past major depression and smoking cessation outcome: a systematic review and meta-analysis update.

Aims: To update our prior meta-analysis that showed past major depression (MD+) to be unrelated to smoking cessation outcome.

Methods: Eligible trials included 14 from our original review and 28 identified through an updated systematic review (2000-2009). We coded for assessment of past MD, exclusion for recent MD episode (MDE; ≤6 months versus no exclusion), duration/modality of cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT; face-to-face versus self-help) and other factors.

Mood and cue reactivity among smokers with a history of major depression: the role of rumination and impulsivity.

The present study tested the influence of rumination and impulsivity on experimentally induced negative mood among a sample of smokers with a lifetime history of major depression (MDD Hx+). Participants (N = 40) were categorized into four vulnerability groups: nonvulnerable (low rumination, low impulsivity), ruminative (elevated rumination, low impulsivity), impulsive (low rumination, elevated impulsivity), and vulnerable (elevated rumination, elevated impulsivity). Participants were counterbalanced to four experimental conditions, using a combination of a mood induction (negative mood induction vs.

[An update on the pathogenesis of celiac disease].

Celiac disease (CD), with a 1% worldwide prevalence, is an enteropathy caused by an autoimmune reaction to gluten in genetically susceptible individuals, which codify for histocompatibility molecules HLA DQ-2/DQ-8. From the anatomical point of view, CD is characterized by intestinal villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia, intraepithelial lymphocytosis (IELs) and leukocyte infiltration of the lamina propriety. Patients achieve a complete clinical and endoscopic remission with a gluten free diet.

Angiotensin II causes hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy through its receptors in the kidney.

Essential hypertension is a common disease, yet its pathogenesis is not well understood. Altered control of sodium excretion in the kidney may be a key causative feature, but this has been difficult to test experimentally, and recent studies have challenged this hypothesis. Based on the critical role of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and the type I (AT1) angiotensin receptor in essential hypertension, we developed an experimental model to separate AT1 receptor pools in the kidney from those in all other tissues.