Effects of rs7903146 variation in the Tcf7l2 gene in the lipid metabolism of three different populations.

Background: TCF7L2 rs7903146 is an important genetic factor predicting type 2 diabetes (T2DM) which has also been linked to higher cardiovascular risk. To date, there is little information about the additional impact of this single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) beyond glucose metabolism.

Methodology/principal Findings: We studied whether rs7903146 influenced postprandial lipid metabolism in three different populations (healthy young men, metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients and elderly persons).

Interleukin 1B variant -1473G/C (rs1143623) influences triglyceride and interleukin 6 metabolism.

Context: IL1b (IL1B or IL1β), a key modulator of the immune response, exerts its functions mainly via IL6 regulation. Fatty meals cause transient hypertriglyceridemia and are considered to be proinflammatory, but the extent of these responses shows high interindividual susceptibility.

Objective: We evaluated the influence of a genetic variant located in the promoter region of IL1B (-1473G/C) on fasting and postprandial lipids and IL6.

Gene variations of nitric oxide synthase regulate the effects of a saturated fat rich meal on endothelial function.

Background & Aims: Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene variations have been linked to a higher risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) by unknown mechanisms. Our aim was to determine if two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in NOS3 (E298D and i19342) interfere with microvascular endothelial function (MEF) and/or oxidative stress during the postprandial state.

Methods: MEF was assessed with laser Doppler flowmetry at baseline and 2, 4, 6 and 8 h after ingestion of a single fatty meal (60% fat, 15% proteins and 25% carbohydrates) by 40 healthy young males.

A low-fat, high-complex carbohydrate diet supplemented with long-chain (n-3) fatty acids alters the postprandial lipoprotein profile in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Dietary fat intake plays a critical role in the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study addressed the hypothesis that dietary fat quantity and quality may differentially modulate postprandial lipoprotein metabolism in MetS patients. A multi-center, parallel, randomized, controlled trial conducted within the LIPGENE study randomly assigned MetS patients to 1 of 4 diets: high-SFA [HSFA; 38% energy (E) from fat, 16% E as SFA], high-monounsaturated fatty acid [HMUFA; 38% E from fat, 20% E as MUFA], and 2 low-fat, high-complex carbohydrate [LFHCC; 28% E from fat] diets supplemented with 1.

Dietary fat differentially influences regulatory endothelial function during the postprandial state in patients with metabolic syndrome: from the LIPGENE study.

Objective: To investigate whether endothelium-dependent vasomotor function and plasma levels of cellular adhesion molecules are affected by diets with different fat quantity and quality during the postprandial state in subjects with the metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Methods: Patients were randomly assigned to one of four isoenergetic diets distinct in fat quantity and quality: high-SFA (HSFA); high-MUFA (HMUFA) and two low-fat, high-complex carbohydrate (LFHCC) diets, supplemented with 1.24g/day of long chain n-3 PUFA (LC n-3 PUFA) or placebo for 12 weeks each.