SPECTRAL-DOMAIN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY INSIGHTS INTO IDIOPATHIC EPIRETINAL MEMBRANE SURGERY OUTCOMES.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to assess the prognostic value of a classification system that includes the presence of ectopic inner foveal layers and other anatomical variables identified in spectral-domain optical coherence tomography for idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) surgery.

Methods: A descriptive-analytic, longitudinal, retrospective study was conducted on patients with idiopathic ERMs treated with pars plana vitrectomy from January 2017 to December 2021. Clinical data and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography images were reviewed presurgery and 12 months postsurgery.

Impact of Driver Mutations on Metastasis-Free Survival in Uveal Melanoma: A Meta-Analysis.

The prognosis of uveal melanoma is significantly influenced by the risk of metastasis, which varies according to clinical and genetic features. Driver mutations can predict the likelihood of disease progression and survival, although the data in the literature are inconsistent. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of driver mutations, including , , , and , in the advancement of uveal melanoma.

Multiple neoplasms in patients with uveal melanoma: a systematic review.

Purpose: Uveal melanoma is the most prevalent intraocular malignancy in adults, derived from uveal tract melanocytes. This study focuses on the frequency and risk of second primary malignancies in UM patients.

Methods: A PubMed search (1980-2023) identified studies on SPM incidence in UM patients.

Bilateral Uveal Melanoma: An Insight into Genetic Predisposition in Four New Unrelated Patients and Review of Published Cases.

: Primary bilateral uveal melanoma (BUM) is an exceptionally rare form of uveal melanoma (UM). This study aimed to explore the potential existence of a genetic predisposition towards the development of BUM. : We employed an exome sequencing approach on germline DNA from four unrelated patients diagnosed with BUM, seeking pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants indicative of a genetic predisposition to UM.

Foveal microvascular features following inverted flap technique for closure of large macular holes.

Purpose: To describe the anatomical and functional outcomes following use of the inverted flap technique (IFT) to close idiopathic macular holes (MH) of diameter greater than 400 μm. To compare the changes in the macular microvascularization following surgery in operated and healthy fellow eyes.

Methods: Retrospective study of 24 patients who underwent vitrectomy and IFT for large MH closure.

Primary ILM peeling during retinal detachment repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Epiretinal membrane (ERM) formation is a known postoperative complication following retinal detachment (RD) repair surgery. Prophylactic peeling of the internal limiting membrane (ILM) during surgery has been shown to reduce the risk of developing postoperative ERM formation. Some baseline characteristics and degrees of surgical complexity may act as risk factors for ERM development.

and Genes: A Comprehensive Review on Oncogenesis, Prognosis and Therapeutic Opportunities in Uveal Melanoma.

The and genes are mutated in almost 80-90% of uveal melanomas in a mutually exclusive pattern. These genes encode the alpha subunits of the heterotrimeric G proteins, Gq and G; thus, mutations of these genes result in the activation of several important signaling pathways, including phospholipase C, and activation of the transcription factor YAP. It is well known that both of them act as driver genes in the oncogenic process and it has been assumed that they do not play a role in the prognosis of these tumours.

Applications of Non-Coding RNAs in Patients With Retinoblastoma.

Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in childhood. In the carcinogenic process of neoplasms such as RB, the role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) has been widely demonstrated recently. In this review, we aim to provide a clinical overview of the current knowledge regarding ncRNAs in relation to RB.

Very High-Frequency Ultrasonography Signs in Bilateral Acute Choroidal Effusion Associated with Systemic Sulphonamide Medications: 2 Cases.

Sulphonamides are commonly used in medicine for several purposes; however, they can lead to significant adverse effects, including idiosyncratic reactions and choroidal detachment corresponding to a forward rotation of the iris-lens diaphragm; this could also evolve into acute transient myopia with possible acute angle closure glaucoma. The risk of such reactions to sulphonamides is approximately 3%. In our communication, we have reported on 2 cases involving patients who suffered choroidal detachments after starting sulphonamide treatments and who were diagnosed with the help of ultrasound biomicroscopy.

PARK7/DJ-1 inhibition decreases invasion and proliferation of uveal melanoma cells.

Introduction: PARK7/DJ-1 is an oncogene that is associated with tumorigenesis in many cancers. Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of DJ-1 in the origin and development of uveal melanoma (UM). We present an analysis of the role of the DJ-1 protein in UM cells, especially in its effect on proliferation and migration.

Current Situation and Challenges in Vitreous Substitutes.

Vitreo-retinal disorders constitute a significant portion of treatable ocular diseases. These pathologies often require vitreo-retinal surgery and, as a consequence, the use of vitreous substitutes. Nowadays, the vitreous substitutes that are used in clinical practice are mainly divided into gases (air, SF , C F , C F ) and liquids (perfluorocarbon liquids, silicone oils, and heavy silicone oils).

Validation of an IGF1 Screening Method for Retinopathy of Pre-maturity.

Retinopathy of pre-maturity (ROP) is a retinal disease that causes arrest of vascularization of the retina and can result in retinal detachment and blindness. Current screening protocols may not be sufficiently accurate to identify all at-risk patients. The aim of this study is to validate a method for improved identification of newborns at risk of ROP.

The Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Uveal Melanoma.

Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular tumor in adulthood. Approximately 50% of patients develop metastatic disease, which typically affects the liver and is usually fatal within one year. This type of cancer is heterogeneous in nature and is divided into two broad groups of tumors according to their susceptibility to develop metastasis.

Treatment of Metastatic Uveal Melanoma: Systematic Review.

Introduction: More than 50% of patients with uveal melanoma end up developing metastases. Currently, there is no standard first-line treatment that facilitates proper management of the metastatic disease.

Methods: A systematic review of the last 40 years in PubMed with an exhaustive and strict selection of studies was conducted, in which the unit of measurement was overall survival (OS) expressed in Kaplan-Meier curves or numerically.

Diagnosis and long-term monitoring of adenomas of the ciliary body epithelium by ultrasound biomicroscopy.

Introduction: The natural course of adenomas of the ciliary-body epithelium (ACE) is uncertain, due to their low incidence and their frequent initial surgical management.Their differential diagnosis with amelanotic melanoma or metastasis is challenging and diagnostic biopsies require sufficient tissue and highly specialized pathologists. Ultrasound biomicroscopy offers high resolution images and clear sonographic signs suggestive of ACE allowing a more precise differential diagnosis and therefore, a more conservative initial attitude.

Blood Biomarkers of Uveal Melanoma: Current Perspectives.

The detection of metastases in patients with a diagnosis of uveal melanoma (UM) is a controversial issue. While only 1% of the patients have detectable metastases at the time of diagnosis, up to 30% of them will develop liver metastases within 5 years of treatment. UM spreads hematogenously, therefore, blood biomarkers may be helpful for prognosis and monitoring the disease progression.

Review of Intraocular Pharmacokinetics of Anti-Infectives Commonly Used in the Treatment of Infectious Endophthalmitis.

Although intravitreal administration of anti-infectives represents the standard treatment for infectious endophthalmitis, the knowledge about their pharmacokinetics is still limited. In this review, we aimed to summarise the factors influencing the pharmacokinetics of the anti-infective agents. We have conducted a comprehensive review of the preclinical pharmacokinetic parameters obtained in different studies of intravitreal injections of anti-infectives performed on animals, mainly rabbits.

Effects of internal limiting membrane peeling during vitrectomy for macula-off primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Purpose:: To determine the effectiveness of internal limiting membrane peeling during vitrectomy for macula-off primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in the prevention of postoperative epiretinal membrane formation and achievement of good visual outcomes and to identify preoperative and intraoperative risk factors for epiretinal membrane formation.

Methods:: We retrospectively analyzed data from 62 eyes of 62 consecutive patients with macula-off primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment who underwent vitrectomy with (n = 30) or without (n = 32) internal limiting membrane peeling between January 2014 and March 2016 and were followed up for at least 12 months. The effects of internal limiting membrane peeling on visual outcomes and postoperative recovery of the macular structure were determined.

Intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF agents and antibiotic prophylaxis for endophthalmitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine whether the use of local antibiotics is a beneficial prophylactic treatment for endophthalmitis in patients treated with anti-VEGF agents. We searched the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases, and the Cochrane Library over the period January 2007 to December 2016. The search terms used included "Endophthalmitis", "Antibiotic" and "Intravitreal injection".

ULTRASONOGRAPHIC FINDINGS IN THE VITREOUS OF PATIENTS WITH AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION TREATED WITH INTRAVITREAL ANTI-VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR INJECTIONS.

Purpose: We aimed to assess the relationship of repeated intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor, the main treatment for exudative age-related macular degeneration, with changes in vitreous ultrasonographic findings in patients with age-related macular degeneration.

Methods: We retrospectively collected data from 41 patients (41 age-related macular degeneration eyes, 41 control eyes) on age, sex, number of injections, and type of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (ranibizumab, aflibercept). Ocular ultrasonography was performed with open eyelids, under topical anesthesia, and using carbomers as ultrasonographic gel.

EVALUATION OF VITRECTOMY AND REIMPLANTATION FOLLOWING LATE DISLOCATION OF THE INTRAOCULAR LENS-CAPSULAR BAG COMPLEX: A 3-Year Follow-up Study.

Objectives: To study the predisposition factors for dislocation of the intraocular lens (IOL)-capsular bag complex and analyze the results of subsequent reimplantation surgery.

Methods: The exclusion criteria were complicated cataract surgery and minor dislocations that appeared in the first year after cataract surgery. Thirty-six months of monitoring of the reimplantation surgery was required.

Ultrasonographic findings in circumscribed choroidal hemangioma after photodynamic therapy.

Circumscribed choroidal hemangioma (CCH) is a benign and relatively rare tumor located posteriorly to the equator. The most frequently associated clinical finding is an exudative retinal detachment (ERD). The aim of this work is to describe ultrasonographic findings in eyes diagnosed with CCH + ERD after photodynamic therapy (PDT).