Real-world safety and effectiveness of cenobamate in patients with focal onset seizures: Outcomes from an Expanded Access Program.

Objective: This study investigated early, real-world outcomes with cenobamate (CNB) in a large series of patients with highly drug-resistant epilepsy within a Spanish Expanded Access Program (EAP).

Method: This was a multicenter, retrospective, observational study in 14 hospitals. Inclusion criteria were age ≥18 years, focal seizures, and EAP authorization.

Rheumatoid meningitis mimicking progressive supranuclear palsy.

Introduction: Rheumatoid meningitis is an uncommon manifestation of longstanding rheumatoid arthritis and few cases have been described. The clinical presentation is extremely variable as reported in medical literature.

Case Report: We report a 71-year-old woman with 15 years of seropositive rheumatoid arthritis who developed neurological complications: cognitive deterioration; hypomimia; limitation on vertical gaze; and axial stiffness, resembling progressive supranuclear palsy and seizures.

Validation of the FOUR Score (Spanish Version) in acute stroke: an interobserver variability study.

Background: Methods to assess impaired consciousness in acute stroke typically include the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), but the verbal component has limitations in aphasic or intubated patients. The FOUR (Full Outline of UnResponsiveness) score, a new coma scale, evaluates 4 components: eye and motor responses, brainstem reflexes and respiration. We aimed to study the interobserver variability of the FOUR score in acute stroke patients.

Ophthalmic features of spinocerebellar ataxia type 7.

Background: Patients with spinocerebellar ataxia 7 (SCA7) are known to develop ocular abnormalities. The purpose of this study was to characterize these abnormalities in greater detail and with the aid of newer quantitative technologies.

Methods: Seven patients with SCA7 diagnosed by genetic analysis at La Paz Hospital (Madrid, Spain), a country-wide referral center for ataxias, were included in the study.

Cyclophosphamide-induced reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome.

Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) is a clinical radiological syndrome, characterised by acute headache, altered consciousness, seizures and hypertension. The most frequent causes are hypertensive encephalopathy, eclampsia and some immunosuppressive therapies. The pathogenesis remains unclear, but it appears to be related to altered cerebral circulation, producing oedema that can be seen on MRI, and it resolves in 2 or 3 weeks.