A Multifocal Pediatric Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) Harboring the and Fusion in a Mutually Exclusive Pattern Reveals Distinct Levels of Genomic Instability and Nuclear Organization.

The spectrum and incidence of gene fusions in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) can differ significantly depending on the age of onset, histological subtype or radiation exposure history. In sporadic pediatric PTC, and fusions are common genetic alterations. The role of as a prognostic marker in pediatric PTC is still under investigation.

Genetic Landscape of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma and Nuclear Architecture: An Overview Comparing Pediatric and Adult Populations.

Thyroid cancer is a rare malignancy in the pediatric population that is highly associated with disease aggressiveness and advanced disease stages when compared to adult population. The biological and molecular features underlying pediatric and adult thyroid cancer pathogenesis could be responsible for differences in the clinical presentation and prognosis. Despite this, the clinical assessment and treatments used in pediatric thyroid cancer are the same as those implemented for adults and specific personalized target treatments are not used in clinical practice.