Superior protection against paratuberculosis by a heterologous prime-boost immunization in a murine model.

Vaccination is the best strategy to control Paratuberculosis (PTB), which is a significant disease in cattle and sheep. Previously we showed the humoral and cellular immune response induced by a novel vaccine candidate against PTB based on the Argentinian Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map) 6611 strain. To improve 6611 immunogenicity and efficacy, we evaluated this vaccine candidate in mice with two different adjuvants and a heterologous boost with a recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara virus (MVA) expressing the antigen 85A (MVA85A).

Development and Validation of a Novel ELISA for the Specific Detection of Antibodies against Subspecies Based on a Chimeric Polyprotein.

Bovine paratuberculosis (PTB) is caused by subsp. (MAP). The optimization of detection tests specific for MAP is crucial to improve PTB control.

Evaluation of a virulent strain of Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis used as a heat-killed vaccine.

Bovine paratuberculosis is one of the most important chronic infectious diseases in livestock. This disease is difficult to control because of its inefficient management (test and cull strategy and inadequate biosecurity). Thus, the development of an effective vaccine is essential.

Effect of the deletion of lprG and p55 genes in the K10 strain of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis.

The lprG-p55 operon of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. bovis and M. avium strain D4ER has been identified as a virulence factor involved in the transport of toxic compounds.

Genetic diversity of sp. paratuberculosis by mycobacterial interspersed repetitive Unit-Variable number tandem repeat and multi-locus short-sequence repeat one-sentence summary: Genetic diversity of sp. paratuberculosis isolates.

Background: Paratuberculosis is an enteric disease caused by Mycobacterium avium sp. paratuberculosis (MAP) that affects mainly ruminant producing losses to the livestock industry. Many molecular epidemiological methods have been used to discriminate MAP isolates.

Efficient method for targeted gene disruption by homologous recombination in Mycobacterium avium subspecie paratuberculosis.

Targeted gene disruption by homologous recombination, has been widely used in mycobacterium species to understand the genetic basis of virulence and persistence in the host and to develop efficacious potential live vaccines. However, in slow growing pathogenic mycobacteria as Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (MAP), these methods have been inefficient, in part due to the low frequency of legitimate homologous recombination. Another feature of mycobacteria is the low efficiency of transformation; therefore, some years ago, a phage-mediated transduction process was developed to introduce DNA into mycobacteria.

Protection efficacy of Argentinian isolates of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis with different genotypes and virulence in a murine model.

Paratuberculosis is a chronic disease caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map). The disease causes economic losses and, therefore, it is imperative to follow proper control strategies, which should include an effective vaccine.

Identification of the Apa protein secreted by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis as a novel fecal biomarker for Johne's disease in cattle.

Paratuberculosis (PTB) or Johne's disease is a chronic intestinal infection of ruminants, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. The shedding of mycobacteria in the feces starts at the initial stages and increases with disease progression, suggesting that antigens secreted by mycobacteria could be excreted in the feces.

Molecular typing of Argentinian Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates by multiple-locus variable number-tandem repeat analysis.

Multiple-locus variable number-tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) isolates may contribute to the knowledge of strain diversity in Argentina. Although the diversity of MAP has been previously investigated in Argentina using IS900-RFLP, a small number of isolates were employed, and a low discriminative power was reached. The aim of the present study was to test the genetic diversity among MAP isolates using an MLVA approach based on 8 repetitive loci.

Description of a novel adhesin of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis.

The binding and ingestion of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) by host cells are fibronectin (FN) dependent. In several species of mycobacteria, a specific family of proteins allows the attachment and internalization of these bacteria by epithelial cells through interaction with FN.

Evaluation of cocktails with recombinant proteins of Mycobacterium bovis for a specific diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis.

The Delayed type hypersensitivity skin test (DTH) and interferon-gamma assay are used for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis (TBB). The specificity of these diagnoses, however, is compromised because both are based on the response against purified protein derivative of Mycobacterium bovis (PPD-B). In this study, we assessed the potential of two cocktails containing M.

Characterization of a Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium operon associated with virulence and drug detoxification.

The lprG-p55 operon of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis is involved in the transport of toxic compounds. P55 is an efflux pump that provides resistance to several drugs, while LprG is a lipoprotein that modulates the host's immune response against mycobacteria. The knockout mutation of this operon severely reduces the replication of both mycobacterial species during infection in mice and increases susceptibility to toxic compounds.

Search for Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis Antigens for the Diagnosis of Paratuberculosis.

The aim of this study was to evaluate a wide panel of antigens of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) to select candidates for the diagnosis of paratuberculosis (PTB). A total of 54 recombinant proteins were spotted onto nitrocellulose membranes and exposed to sera from animals with PTB (n = 25), healthy animals (n = 10), and animals experimentally infected with M.

Accuracy assessment and screening of a dairy herd with paratuberculosis by three different ELISAs.

Although the culture of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosisis is the gold standard for the diagnosis of paratuberculosis, this bacterium is difficult to grow. In contrast, serological tests like ELISAs are inexpensive, rapid, and easy to perform.

An applied printing immunoassay with recombinant Nc-SAG1 for detection of antibodies to Neospora caninum in cattle.

Neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite that causes an important reproductive disease in cattle. Neospora caninum surface antigen 1 (Nc-SAG1) is an immunodominant candidate for the development of a diagnostic reagent for neosporosis. The current study describes the development and evaluation of an antigen print immunoassay (APIA) with recombinant Nc-SAG1 for the detection of specific antibodies to N.

Detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis by a Direct In Situ PCR Method.

In situ detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is useful for diagnosis and research of paratuberculosis. The aim of this paper was to detect this agent in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples by a direct in situ PCR.

Spoligotype analysis of Mycobacterium bovis isolates from Northern México.

Bovine tuberculosis is still rife in Latin America, producing huge economic losses. There are very few studies of the way this disease is spread through this geographical region, particularly in countries that border those that are almost free of Mycobacterium bovis. In this work, we have analyzed the spacer oligonucleotide typing (spoligotype) patterns of M.

Identification and characterization of genomic variations between Mycobacterium bovis and M. tuberculosis H37Rv.

Genetic differences between Mycobacterium bovis and M. tuberculosis were identified. We found (i) a deletion of Rv3479 specific to M.

Mutation in mce operons attenuates Mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence.

On the Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome there are four mce operons, all of which are similar in sequence and organization, and code for putatively exported proteins. To investigate whether Mce proteins are essential for virulence, we generated knock-out mutants in mce1, mce2 and mce3 operons of M. tuberculosis and evaluated their ability to multiply in a mammalian host.

Tuberculosis in seals caused by a novel member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex: Mycobacterium pinnipedii sp. nov.

A comparison of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates from seals (pinnipeds) in Australia, Argentina, Uruguay, Great Britain and New Zealand was undertaken to determine their relationships to each other and their taxonomic position within the complex. Isolates from 30 cases of tuberculosis in six species of pinniped and seven related isolates were compared to representative and standard strains of the M. tuberculosis complex.