Autochthonous visceral leishmaniasis in Brasília, Federal District, Brazil.

Introduction: Visceral leishmaniasis is a public health threat in Brazil considering the high lethality rates and increasing geographical dispersion to large urban conglomerates over the past 25 years. This study aimed to confirm suspected autochthonous cases of visceral leishmaniasis reported from 2005 to 2009 among individuals living in Brasilia, Federal District.

Methods: A retrospective review of the surveillance data obtained on a regular basis and clinical records of the reported cases were performed in 2009.