Why is HSO so effective against bacteria? Insights into the mechanisms of Escherichia coli disinfection by unactivated peroxymonosulfate.

This study examined the antimicrobial efficacy of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) against bacteria, using Escherichia coli (E. coli) as a model organism. Our investigation delineates the complex mechanisms exerted by unactivated PMS.

Assessment of antibiotic-resistant infection risks associated with reclaimed wastewater irrigation in intensive tomato cultivation.

Agricultural irrigation using reclaimed urban wastewater (RWW) represents a sustainable practice to meet the ever-increasing water stress in modern societies. However, the occurrence of residual antibiotics and antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) in RWW is an important human health concern. This study applied for the first time a novel Simple-Death dose-response model to the field data of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas spp.

Peroxymonosulfate/Solar process for urban wastewater purification at a pilot plant scale: A techno-economic assessment.

The safe reuse of reclaimed water for agricultural irrigation has been considered as an alternative, feasible and sustainable option to address water scarcity. This work aims to validate the capability of the solar water photochemical process based on the synergistic effect between peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and natural solar radiation for actual urban wastewater (UWW) purification at a pilot plant scale using a solar Compound Parabolic Collector photo-reactor. The PMS/Solar process performance was assessed by monitoring simultaneously the inactivation of naturally occurring bacteria (Escherichia coli, Total coliforms, Enterococcus spp.

Individual and combined effect of ions species and organic matter on the removal of microcontaminants by Fe-EDDS/solar-light activated persulfate.

This work is focused on improving the understanding of the complex water matrix interactions occurring during the removal of a microcontaminants mixture (acetamiprid, carbamazepine and caffeine) by solar/Fe-EDDS/persulfate process. The individual and combined effects of sulfates (100-500 mg/L), nitrates (20-160 mg/L), bicarbonates (77-770 mg/L) and chlorides (300-1500 mg/L) were assessed by comparing the outcomes obtained in different synthetic and actual water matrices. In general, the results showed negligible effects of the different anions on Fe-EDDS concentration and PS consumption profiles, while the combination of bicarbonates and chlorides seemed to be the key for the MC removal efficiency decrease found when working with complex matrixes.

Solar water disinfection in large-volume containers: from the laboratory to the field. A case study in Tigray, Ethiopia.

The lack of safe drinking water affects communities in low-to-medium-income countries most. This barrier can be overcome by using sustainable point-of-use water treatments. Solar energy has been used to disinfect water for decades, and several efforts have been made to optimise the standard procedure of solar water disinfection (SODIS process).

Natural solar activation of modified zinc oxides with rare earth elements (Ce, Yb) and Fe for the simultaneous disinfection and decontamination of urban wastewater.

This study investigates the capability of modified zinc oxides (ZnO) with Ce, Yb and Fe towards the simultaneous inactivation of pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs, Diclofenac, Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim) under natural sunlight. Several catalyst loads (from 0 to 500 mg/L) were assessed as proof-of principle in isotonic solution followed by the evaluation of organic matter effect in simulated and actual urban wastewater (UWW), using bare TiO-P25 as reference. The order of photocatalysts efficiency for both bacterial and CECs removal was: ZnO-Ce ≅ TiO-P25 > ZnO-Yb > ZnO-Fe > photolysis > darkness in all water matrices.

Simultaneous disinfection and microcontaminants elimination of urban wastewater secondary effluent by solar advanced oxidation sequential treatment at pilot scale.

The effect of different times of Fe:Ethylenediamine-N, N'-disuccinic acid (EDDS) dosing and HO as well as different Fe:EDDS concentrations in the sequential treatment sunlight/HO followed by sunlight/HOFe:EDDS at circumneutral pH was investigated for the first time focusing both in contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) and bacteria removal in urban wastewater treatment plant effluents. Process efficiency was evaluated in terms of (i) degradation of five CECs (namely caffeine, carbamazepine, diclofenac, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim) at the initial concentration of 100 μgL each and (ii) bacteria inactivation (Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella spp).

Solar-driven free chlorine advanced oxidation process for simultaneous removal of microcontaminants and microorganisms in natural water at pilot-scale.

Contamination of natural water (NW) by emerging contaminants has been widely pointed out as one of the main challenges to ensure high-quality drinking water. Thus, the effectiveness of a solar-driven free chlorine advanced oxidation process simultaneously investigating the elimination of six organic microcontaminants (OMCs) and three bacteria from NW at a pilot-scale was evaluated in this study. Firstly, the solar/free chlorine process was studied at lab-scale using a solar simulator to evaluate the effect of free chlorine concentration (0.

UV-C Peroxymonosulfate Activation for Wastewater Regeneration: Simultaneous Inactivation of Pathogens and Degradation of Contaminants of Emerging Concern.

This study explores the capability of Sulfate Radical-based Advanced Oxidation Processes (SR-AOPs) for the simultaneous disinfection and decontamination of urban wastewater. Sulfate and hydroxyl radicals in solution were generated activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) under UV-C irradiation at pilot plant scale. The efficiency of the process was assessed toward the removal of three CECs (Trimethoprim (TMP), Sulfamethoxazole (SMX), and Diclofenac (DCF)) and three bacteria (, spp.

Solar processes and ozonation for fresh-cut wastewater reclamation and reuse: Assessment of chemical, microbiological and chlorosis risks of raw-eaten crops.

In this study, a full cycle of agricultural reuse of agro-food wastewater (synthetic fresh-cut wastewater, SFCWW) at pilot plant scale has been investigated. Treated SFCWW by ozonation and two solar processes (HO/solar, Fe-EDDHA/HO/solar) was used to irrigate two raw-eaten crops (lettuce and radish) grown in peat. Two foodborne pathogens (E.

Direct oxidation of peroxymonosulfate under natural solar radiation: Accelerating the simultaneous removal of organic contaminants and pathogens from water.

This study investigates the effectiveness of non-activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) as oxidative agent for water purification in the presence and absence of natural solar radiation. The inactivation of three pathogens (Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and degradation of three Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs) (Trimethoprim-TMP, Sulfamethoxazole-SMX and Diclofenac-DCF) was simultaneously assessed in isotonic water (IW) by testing a wide range of PMS concentrations (from 0.0001 to 0.

Sunlight advanced oxidation processes vs ozonation for wastewater disinfection and safe reclamation.

Solar processes (sunlight/HO solar photo-Fenton with EDDS at neutral pH) were compared to a consolidated technology (ozonation) in the inactivation of target bacteria (E. coli, Salmonella spp. and Enterococcus spp.

Simultaneous removal of contaminants of emerging concern and pathogens from urban wastewater by homogeneous solar driven advanced oxidation processes.

Simultaneous removal of contaminants of emerging concern and bacteria inactivation in simulated municipal wastewater effluent (SMWW) through solar advanced oxidation processes, namely sunlight/HO and solar photo-Fenton with Ethylenediamine-N,N'-disuccinic acid (EDDS) at neutral pH was investigated. Process efficiency was evaluated in terms of (i) degradation of five contaminants of emerging concern (CECs, namely caffeine, carbamazepine, diclofenac, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim) at the initial concentration of 100 μgL each and (ii) bacteria inactivation (E. coli, S.

Kinetic modeling of the synergistic thermal and spectral actions on the inactivation of viruses in water by sunlight.

Sunlight can be an effective tool for inactivating pathogens in water disinfection processes. In clear water, photoinactivation of viruses is driven by the absorption of UVB radiation and it is more efficient at shorter wavelengths. Moreover, the temperature can significantly improve the efficiency of the process.

Synthetic fresh-cut wastewater disinfection and decontamination by ozonation at pilot scale.

In this research, the capability of ozonation and peroxone treatment for the simultaneous disinfection and decontamination of wash water from the fresh-cut industry has been investigated at pilot plant scale (10 L). The removal efficiency of six organic microcontaminants (OMCs) (four of them priority substances) and the inactivation of two foodborne pathogens (Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enteritidis) in synthetic fresh-cut wastewater (SFCWW) has been assessed. Ozonation and peroxone (O with 20 mgL of HO) process has been investigated under several operational conditions: natural SFCWW pH (6.

Reclamation of Real Urban Wastewater Using Solar Advanced Oxidation Processes: An Assessment of Microbial Pathogens and 74 Organic Microcontaminants Uptake in Lettuce and Radish.

In this study, disinfection of urban wastewater (UWW) with two solar processes (HO -20 mg/L and photo-Fenton 10 mg/L-Fe/20 mg/L-HO at natural water pH) at pilot scale using a 60 L compound parabolic collector reactor for irrigation of two raw-eaten vegetables (lettuce and radish) has been investigated. Several microbial targets (total coliforms, , spp., and spp.

Tertiary treatment of urban wastewater by solar and UV-C driven advanced oxidation with peracetic acid: Effect on contaminants of emerging concern and antibiotic resistance.

Photo-driven advanced oxidation process (AOP) with peracetic acid (PAA) has been poorly investigated in water and wastewater treatment so far. In the present work its possible use as tertiary treatment of urban wastewater to effectively minimize the release into the environment of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) and antibiotic-resistant bacteria was investigated. Different initial PAA concentrations, two light sources (sunlight and UV-C) and two different water matrices (groundwater (GW) and wastewater (WW)) were studied.

Inactivation of E. coli and E. faecalis by solar photo-Fenton with EDDS complex at neutral pH in municipal wastewater effluents.

Photo-Fenton is a solar disinfection technology widely demonstrated to be effective to inactivate microorganisms in water by the combined effect of photoactivated iron species and the direct action of solar photons. Nevertheless, the precipitation of iron as ferric hydroxide at basic pH is the main disadvantage of this process. Thus, challenge in photo-Fenton is looking for alternatives to iron salts.

Advanced microbial analysis for wastewater quality monitoring: metagenomics trend.

Urban Wastewater treatment plants (UWWTPs) have played an important and fundamental role in society for water purification of contaminated human wastewaters over the last decades. Microorganisms are very important in UWWTP as their metabolic activity significantly reduces the organic load of the UWW, although there is an uncertain gap in our knowledge regarding microbial consortium structure and their activity in UWWTP operation on a large scale. On the other hand, effluents of UWWTPs have come to be a new source of fresh water to ease water scarcity in many regions of the world, especially in intensive irrigation practices.

Solar photocatalytic disinfection of agricultural pathogenic fungi (Curvularia sp.) in real urban wastewater.

The interest in developing alternative water disinfection methods that increase the access to irrigation water free of pathogens for agricultural purposes is increasing in the last decades. Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) have been demonstrated to be very efficient for the abatement of several kind of pathogens in contaminated water. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate and compare the capability of several solar AOPs for the inactivation of resistant spores of agricultural fungi.

Intracellular mechanisms of solar water disinfection.

Solar water disinfection (SODIS) is a zero-cost intervention measure to disinfect drinking water in areas of poor access to improved water sources, used by more than 6 million people in the world. The bactericidal action of solar radiation in water has been widely proven, nevertheless the causes for this remain still unclear. Scientific literature points out that generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) inside microorganisms promoted by solar light absorption is the main reason.

Inactivation and regrowth of multidrug resistant bacteria in urban wastewater after disinfection by solar-driven and chlorination processes.

Solar disinfection and solar-driven advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) (namely H2O2/sunlight, TiO2/sunlight, H2O2/TiO2/sunlight, solar photo-Fenton) were evaluated in the inactivation of indigenous antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) in real urban wastewater. A multidrug resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli strain isolated from the effluent of the biological process of an urban wastewater treatment plant was the target ARB. The higher inactivation rates (residual density under detection limit, 2 CFUm L(-1)) were achieved with H2O2/TiO2/sunlight (cumulative energy per unit of volume (QUV) in the range 3-5 kJ L(-1), depending on H2O2/TiO2 ratio) and H2O2/sunlight (QUV of 8 kJ L(-1)) processes.