Rucaparib or Physician's Choice in Metastatic Prostate Cancer.

Background: In a phase 2 study, rucaparib, an inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), showed a high level of activity in patients who had metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer associated with a deleterious alteration. Data are needed to confirm and expand on the findings of the phase 2 study.

Methods: In this randomized, controlled, phase 3 trial, we enrolled patients who had metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer with a , , or alteration and who had disease progression after treatment with a second-generation androgen-receptor pathway inhibitor (ARPI).

Long-Term Effects of a Short Juvenile Feeding Period with Diets Enriched with the Microalgae on the Subsequent Body and Muscle Growth of Gilthead Seabream, L.

Currently, microalgae are used in fish diets, but their long-term growth effect is unknown. In this experiment, juvenile seabream specimens were fed with microalgae-enriched diets for three months, and then transferred to a microalgae-free diet for 10 months to assess long-term effects up to commercial size (≈27 cm and ≈300 g). The juvenile diets contained at 2.

A correlative biomarker study and integrative prognostic model in chemotherapy-naïve metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with enzalutamide.

Background: There is a considerable need to incorporate biomarkers of resistance to new antiandrogen agents in the management of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).

Methods: We conducted a phase II trial of enzalutamide in first-line chemo-naïve asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic mCRPC and analyzed the prognostic value of TMPRSS2-ERG and other biomarkers, including circulating tumor cells (CTCs), androgen receptor splice variant (AR-V7) in CTCs and plasma Androgen Receptor copy number gain (AR-gain). These biomarkers were correlated with treatment response and survival outcomes and developed a clinical-molecular prognostic model using penalized cox-proportional hazard model.

A phase II randomised trial of abiraterone acetate plus prednisone in combination with docetaxel or docetaxel plus prednisone after disease progression to abiraterone acetate plus prednisone in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: The ABIDO-SOGUG trial.

Background: We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of maintaining or withdrawing abiraterone acetate plus prednisone (AAP) in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who had experienced cancer progression to this treatment and were beginning a docetaxel-based therapy.

Patients And Methods: Phase II, randomised, open-label study conducted in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who were asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic. After open-label treatment with AAP, patients who had experienced cancer progression to AAP were randomised to 75 mg/m of docetaxel plus AAP or to receive 75 mg/m of docetaxel plus 10 mg of prednisone orally daily.

Assessing the Potential of Algae Extracts for Extending the Shelf Life of Rainbow Trout () Fillets.

This study evaluates the potential of different algae extracts (, ; , ; , ; , ) as additives for the preservation of rainbow trout fillets. The extracts were prepared with different water to ethanol ratios from the four algae species. The highest ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) was observed in extracted in 80% ethanol.

Influence of Low Dietary Inclusion of the Microalga Nannochloropsis gaditana (Lubián 1982) on Performance, Fish Morphology, and Muscle Growth in Juvenile Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata).

A 90-d feeding trial was conducted in which five groups of gilthead seabream (11.96 g initial body weight) were fed with a microalgae-free diet (control group, C) or four diets containing the microalgae at two inclusion levels (2.5% or 5%), either raw (R2.

Low dietary inclusion of nutraceuticals from microalgae improves feed efficiency and modifies intermediary metabolisms in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata).

The aim of this work was to evaluate two functional feeds for the gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata, containing low inclusion of two microalgae-based products (LB-GREENboost, LB; and LB-GUThealth, LB). Fish (12-13 g) were fed for 13 weeks a control diet or one of the four diets supplemented with both products at 0.5% or 1%.

Effects of Farm Management Practices and Transport Time on Post-Mortem Changes of Muscle Proteins in Suckling Goat Kids.

The combined effect of farm management practices, transport time, and ageing time on the electrophoretic changes of sarcoplasmic (SPP) and myofibrillar (MFP) protein fractions of goat kids was studied. A total of 64 suckling goat kids were withdrawn from two farms with "high" (GW) and "low" (DW) welfare-friendly management practices, and they were transported for 2 or 6 h immediately before slaughtering. samples were obtained at 3, 8, and 21 days post-mortem, and muscle proteins were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis SDS-PAGE.

Randomised Phase II study comparing alternating cycles of sunitinib and everolimus vs standard sequential administration in first-line metastatic renal carcinoma (SUNRISES study).

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of alternating cycles of sunitinib and everolimus vs standard sequential treatment of sunitinib followed by everolimus in first-line metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), as alternating blockade of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways could potentially prevent the occurrence of resistance to anti-VEGFR therapy in mRCC.

Patients And Methods: SUNRISES, a randomised open-label Phase II study, investigated the efficacy of alternating cycles of sunitinib and everolimus vs standard sequential treatment of sunitinib followed by everolimus upon progression. Treatment-naïve patients with clear-cell mRCC were included.

Partial Characterization of Protease Inhibitors of and Their Effect on Digestive Proteases of Marine Fish.

This piece of research evaluates the presence of protease inhibitors in the macroalga and provides an initial overview of their mode of action. The ability of protease inhibitors to inhibit digestive proteases of three marine fish species, as well as their capacity to hamper the hydrolysis of a reference protein by those fish proteases, were assessed. In addition, thermal stability and the mode of inhibition on trypsin and chymotrypsin were also studied.

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemias: A retrospective study of 93 patients.

Introduction: Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA) is an infrequent and heterogeneous disease in its pathophysiology and clinical behaviour, therefore it is generally managed empirically.

Patients And Methods: We conducted an observational, retrospective and multicentre study of 93 patients diagnosed with AHAI in 9 Spanish hospitals between 1987 and 2017, with a median follow-up of 28 months.

Results: Median age of 67 years; 85% AHAI for hot antibodies and 64% primary AHAI.

Early Post-treatment Prostate-specific Antigen at 4 Weeks and Abiraterone and Enzalutamide Treatment for Advanced Prostate Cancer: An International Collaborative Analysis.

Background: Declines in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels at 12wk are used to evaluate treatment response in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). PSA fall by ≥30% at 4wk (PSA4w30) has been reported to be associated with better outcome in a single-centre cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate clinical relevance of early PSA decline in mCRPC patients treated with next-generation hormonal treatments (NGHTs) such as abiraterone and enzalutamide.

Plasma AR status and cabazitaxel in heavily treated metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Background: Plasma androgen receptor (AR) copy number status has been identified as a potential biomarker of response in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) receiving docetaxel or the AR-targeted therapies abiraterone or enzalutamide. However, the relevance of plasma AR status in the context of cabazitaxel therapy is unknown.

Patients And Methods: Between September 2011 and January 2018, pretherapy plasma samples were collected from 155 patients treated with second- or third-line cabazitaxel at standard or reduced dose in different biomarker protocols.

PROREPAIR-B: A Prospective Cohort Study of the Impact of Germline DNA Repair Mutations on the Outcomes of Patients With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: Germline mutations in DNA damage repair (DDR) genes are identified in a significant proportion of patients with metastatic prostate cancer, but the clinical implications of these genes remain unclear. This prospective multicenter cohort study evaluated the prevalence and effect of germline DDR (gDDR) mutations on metastatic castration-resistance prostate cancer (mCRPC) outcomes.

Patients And Methods: Unselected patients were enrolled at diagnosis of mCRPC and were screened for gDDR mutations in 107 genes.

Phase 2 Randomized Study of Radiation Therapy and 3-Year Androgen Deprivation With or Without Concurrent Weekly Docetaxel in High-Risk Localized Prostate Cancer Patients.

Purpose: Docetaxel improves survival in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. This randomized phase 2 trial aimed to assess the activity of weekly docetaxel with radiation therapy (RT) plus androgen deprivation in patients with high-risk localized prostate cancer. The study examined the benefit of 9 weekly docetaxel administrations to RT plus 3 years of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogues.

Phase II pilot study of the prednisone to dexamethasone switch in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients with limited progression on abiraterone plus prednisone (SWITCH study).

Background: Despite most metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients benefit from abiraterone acetate plus prednisone 5 mg bid (AA + P), resistance eventually occurs. Long-term use of prednisone has been suggested as one of the mechanisms driving resistance, which may be reversed by switching to another steroid.

Methods: SWITCH was a single-arm, open-label, single-stage phase II study.

Functional PTGS2 polymorphism-based models as novel predictive markers in metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients receiving first-line sunitinib.

Sunitinib is the currently standard treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Multiple candidate predictive biomarkers for sunitinib response have been evaluated but none of them has been implemented in the clinic yet. The aim of this study was to analyze single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes linked to mode of action of sunitinib and immune response as biomarkers for mRCC.

SNPs associated with activity and toxicity of cabazitaxel in patients with advanced urothelial cell carcinoma.

Aim: We aimed to identify SNPs associated with cabazitaxel toxicity and response within a Phase II clinical trial using this compound in advanced transitional cell carcinoma after progression to a platinum-based regimen.

Patients & Methods: Eleven SNPs in CYP3A4, CYP3A5, CYP2C8, ABCB1 and TUBB1 were genotyped in 45 patients.

Results: CYP3A5 rs776746 A allele was associated with protection against gastrointestinal toxicity (odds ratio: 0.

Effects of vacuum and modified atmosphere on textural parameters and structural proteins of cultured meagre (Argyrosomus regius) fillets.

The influence of two preservation strategies (vacuum package and modified atmosphere package) on the post-mortem changes of textural parameters, pH, water holding capacity, sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar proteins, and collagen content of meagre (Argyrosomus regius) fillets was studied. Fillets were stored in a cold room in aerobic (control, C), vacuum (V) and modified atmosphere (MA) package. Samples were withdrawn at six sampling points throughout 15-day storage, and post-mortem changes were assessed.

Influence of pre-slaughtering feed restriction on muscle characteristics of farmed sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) during cold storage.

Background: This paper deals with the consequences of dietary restriction or complete starvation before slaughtering on the biochemical and textural characteristics of sea bass muscle.

Results: Results showed that only severe feed restriction influenced negatively total body and individual organ weights, and these animals showed lower condition factor as well. Neither moderate feed restriction (up to 50% of the standard ration) kept for 30 days nor total starvation up to 12 days caused significant effects on fish weight and fillet yield.

Prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents aged 2-16 years.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of obesity and overweight in children and adolescents in our city and to investigate the associated factors.

Subjects And Methods: A cross-sectional study of 1317 children and adolescents aged 2-16 years. Multistage probability sampling was used to select three groups of subjects: 411 aged 12 to 16 years, 504 aged 6 to 12 years, and 402 aged 2 to 6 years.

Practical guidelines for dose individualization of anticancer targeted drugs.

For drugs such as anticancer agents every effort should be made to minimize inter-patient variability in drug exposure in order to maximize the benefit while maintaining an acceptable risk level of serious adverse effects. Anticancer drugs generally have a preferential route of elimination, either in urine or in bile and feces. In consequence, dose individualization to renal and liver function permits excessive toxicity to be avoided and expected therapeutic benefit to be achieved.