Antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities of ethanol extracts from L. Skeels and Benth.

and are mostly cultivated in tropical climates for culinary and perfumery purposes, yet their potential medicinal properties remain underreported. The aim of this study was to examine the antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities of ethanol extracts from (EESC) and (EEPC). Reflux extraction was carried out using 96% ethanol on the collected plant specimens to produce EESC and EEPC.

gene polymorphisms are associated with cyclophosphamide effectiveness in lupus nephritis patients: A case-control study in Indonesia.

Glutathione-S-transferase alpha-1 () is an enzyme with high conjugation activity against aldophosphamide, a metabolite of cyclophosphamide and promoter polymorphisms in may influence the cyclophosphamide effectiveness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and side effects of cyclophosphamide in lupus nephritis patients, using variants as predictors. A case-control study was conducted at Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia, involving 100 lupus nephritis patients from February 2023 to January 2024.

Development of the Forskolin Microemulsion Formula and its Irritation Test on Rabbits.

Objectives: This study aimed to develop a microemulsion formula that can increase the solubility and stability of forskolin and its safety for topical use.

Materials And Methods: The materials used for the development of the microemulsion formula were triglyceride oil, non-ionic surfactants, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) for cosurfactants, which were selected on the basis of the results of the forskolin solubility test using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The microemulsion was formulated by the phase titration method.

Effect of Vernonia amygdalina Del. Leaf Ethanolic Extract on Intoxicated Male Wistar Rats Liver.

has been shown to have antioxidant activity, and is also expected to have hepatoprotective activity. This study was conducted to study the effect of ethanol extracts on intoxicated rat livers. Fresh leaves were extracted in ethanol, and the hepatoprotective activity was tested on male Wistar rats induced with a combination of isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin.