Drastic Microbial Count Reduction in Soy Milk Using Continuous Short-Wave Ultraviolet Treatments in a Tubular Annular Thin Film UV-C Reactor.

Vegetative cells of and and spores of and were inoculated in soy milk at an initial concentration of ≈5 log CFU/mL. Inoculated and control (non-inoculated) soy milk samples were submitted to three types of treatments using a tubular annular thin film short-wave ultraviolet (UV-C) reactor with 1 mm of layer thickness. Treatments applied depended on the flow rate and the number of entries to the reactor, with UV-C doses ranging from 20 to 160 J/mL.

Insulin edema, a little known entity.

Insulin edema is an entity that should be considered in any patient who starts or intensifies an insulin regimen to improve metabolic control. Heart, liver, and kidney problems should always be ruled out beforehand. The exact mechanism is not clear.

Effect of Ultra-High-Pressure Homogenization Processing on the Microbiological, Physicochemical, and Sensory Characteristics of Fish Broth.

The effect of ultra-high-pressure homogenization (UHPH) treatments at 300 MPa at inlet temperatures (T) between 45 and 75 °C on the microbiological, physical, and sensorial characteristics of fish broth was evaluated. Before the application of UHPH treatments, different fish broth formulations were tested, selecting the formula with the best organoleptic and nutritional characteristics and the lowest cost, containing 45% monkfish heads and rock fish in the same proportion. The microbiological shelf-life of fish broth during cold storage at 4 and 8 °C was extended by a minimum of 20 days by applying UHPH treatments at inlet temperatures (T) between 45 and 65 °C.

New diagnoses of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children during the COVID-19 pandemic Regional multicenter study in Spain.

Introduction: The aim of this study is to determine whether during the year 2020, coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an increase in the incidence of diabetes mellitus in children compared to the previous 2 years. It is also to find out if lockdowns and the difficulty providing face-to-face care in the health system have led to children showing more severe symptoms at the time of diagnosis.

Material And Methods: Retrospective observational multicenter study of the province of Tarragona where data is collected from new diagnoses of type 1 diabetes mellitus in patients under the age of 15 during the year 2020 and compared with years 2018 and 2019.

[New diagnoses of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Regional multicenter study in Spain].

Introduction: The aim of this study is to determine whether during the year 2020, coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an increase in the incidence of diabetes mellitus in children compared to the previous 2 years. It is also to find out if lockdowns and the difficulty providing face-to-face care in the health system have led to children showing more severe symptoms at the time of diagnosis.

Material And Methods: Retrospective observational multicenter study of the province of Tarragona where data is collected from new diagnoses of type 1 diabetes mellitus in patients under the age of 15 during the year 2020 and compared with years 2018 and 2019.

Evaluation of as indicator of the efficacy of high hydrostatic pressure and ultra-high pressure homogenization treatments for pasteurization-like purposes in milk.

The objectives of this study were: to assess the efficiency of high hydrostatic pressure or ultra-high pressure homogenization against Mycobacterium smegmatis in milk and to discuss whether M. smegmatis can be considered a suitable surrogate for other Mycobacterium spp. in high pressure inactivation trials using milk.

High Hydrostatic Pressure as a Tool to Reduce Formation of Biogenic Amines in Artisanal Spanish Cheeses.

Two artisanal varieties of cheese made in Spain, one made of ewes' raw milk and the other of goats' raw milk were selected to evaluate the effect of a high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment at 400 MPa during 10 min at 2 °C on the formation of biogenic amines (BA). These conditions were applied at the beginning of the ripening (before the 5th day; HHP1) and in the case of ewes' milk cheeses also after 15th days (HHP15). BA formation was greatly influenced by HHP treatments in both types of cheese.

Albuminuria is a predictive factor of in-hospital mortality in patients with diabetes admitted for foot disease.

Albuminuria has been previously reported as a risk factor for mortality in people with diabetes. In a retrospective series of 455 patients with diabetes and foot ulcers, albuminuria was a predictive factor of in-hospital mortality. Other predictive factors were: white blood cell count>12.

Revision surgery for diabetic foot infections: giving another chance to the patient.

Revision surgery (RS) is frequently needed to control diabetic foot infections. It is the aim of this retrospective observational study to analyze the variables associated with undergoing RS and the variables associated with undergoing a major amputation when RS was required. We conducted a retrospective study of patients with diabetes treated in our department during 10 years (January 1, 2000 to January 1, 2010) who had foot infections identifying those who required RS.

Super-oxidized solution (Dermacyn Wound Care) as adjuvant treatment in the postoperative management of complicated diabetic foot osteomyelitis: preliminary experience in a specialized department.

Surgery is usually used to treat diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO), whether primarily or in cases in which antibiotics are not able to control infection. In many cases, the bone is only partially removed, which means that residual infection remains in the bone margins, and the wound is left open to heal by secondary intent. The use of culture-guided postoperative antibiotic treatment and adequate management of the wound must be addressed.

Controversies regarding radiological changes and variables predicting amputation in a surgical series of diabetic foot osteomyelitis.

Background: To investigate if radiological changes have any influence on the outcomes of surgical treatment of diabetic foot osteomyelitis.

Methods: Data of patients included in a prospective cohort who underwent surgical treatment for definitive osteomyelitis were analyzed. Cases were classified according to radiological changes as "early osteomyelitis" when no radiological changes were found or in cases showing periosteal elevation and/or subcortical demineralization and/or cortical disruption.

Limb salvage for spreading midfoot osteomyelitis following diabetic foot surgery.

Osteomyelitis is a challenging problem when it appears in the feet of patients with diabetes. Although the most frequent port of entry for bacteria is an ulcer, surgical wounds also permit entry of bacteria into the foot. This surgical complication may become limb-threatening, and treatment is a challenge.

Surgical treatment of limb- and life-threatening infections in the feet of patients with diabetes and at least one palpable pedal pulse: successes and lessons learnt.

Outcomes of surgically treated limb- and life-threatening infections in patients with diabetes and a well-vascularized foot based only on the palpation of foot pulses are not well known. The authors retrospectively studied a series of 173 patients with diabetes and limb- (moderate) or life- (severe) threatening infections with at least one palpable pedal pulse who were admitted to their department for the treatment of infected diabetic foot from January 1, 1998, to December 31, 2009. A total of 141 patients (81.

Never amputate a patient with diabetes without consulting with a specialized unit.

This study presents a case report of a patient who underwent a severe infection following revascularization because dry necrosis became infected. A major amputation had been indicated because the infection did not respond to antibiotics and advanced wound care with topical negative pressure wound therapy with silver. The patient did not accept the major amputation and attended the authors' specialized unit.

In-hospital complications and mortality following major lower extremity amputations in a series of predominantly diabetic patients.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the outcomes of major lower extremity amputations (MLEAs) in a series, including diabetic patients, with the aim to study whether diabetes mellitus is a risk factor of in-hospital mortality and perioperative complications. A retrospective analysis of 283 MLEAs (221 of these patients were diabetic and 62 were nondiabetic) performed between January 1, 1998, and December 31, 2008, at the General Surgery Department and Diabetic Foot Unit of La Paloma Hospital in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Canary Islands) was done. The significant risk factors of mortality were >" xbd="324" xhg="301" ybd="1481" yhg="1446"/>75 years of age (odds ratio [OR] = 4.

Clinical significance of the isolation of Staphylococcus epidermidis from bone biopsy in diabetic foot osteomyelitis.

Introduction: Coagulase-negative staphylococci are considered as microorganisms with little virulence and usually as contaminants. In order to establish the role of Staphylococcus epidermidis as a pathogen in diabetic foot osteomyelitis, in addition to the isolation of the sole bacterium from the bone it will be necessary to demonstrate the histopathological changes caused by the infection.

Methods: A consecutive series of 222 diabetic patients with foot osteomyelitis treated surgically in the Diabetic Foot Unit at La Paloma Hospital (Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain) between 1 October 2002 and 31 October 2008.

Necrotizing soft-tissue infections in the feet of patients with diabetes: outcome of surgical treatment and factors associated with limb loss and mortality.

The aim of this study was to analyze the outcomes of treatment of necrotizing soft-tissue infections (NSTIs) in the feet of diabetic patients and to determine factors associated with limb salvage and mortality. A retrospective study of a consecutive series of 145 diabetic patients suffering from NSTIs treated in the Diabetic Foot Unit, La Paloma Hospital was done. NSTIs were classified as necrotizing cellulitis if it involved the subcutaneous tissue and the skin, as necrotizing fasciitis if it involved the deep fascia, and as myonecrosis in those cases where muscular necrosis was present.

Epidemiology of diabetes-related lower extremity amputations in Gran Canaria, Canary Islands (Spain).

We have studied the rate of lower extremity amputations (LEAs) in the south of Gran Canaria. The incidence rate was 319.7 per 100,000 (95% CI, 258.