3DUS as an alternative to MRI for measuring renal volume in children with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Background: Total kidney volume, measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is a validated disease progression marker in adults with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). However, in childhood, MRI is burdensome, explaining the need for alternatives.

Methods: Kidney volume (KV) was evaluated in 30 children with ADPKD, using three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS), applying the ellipsoid method and manual contouring (KV KV respectively); manual contouring on MRI (KV), and the ellipsoid method on two-dimensional ultrasound (2DUS, KV).

An Unusual Presentation of Congenital Esophageal Stenosis Due to Tracheobronchial Remnants in a Newborn Prenatally Diagnosed with Duodenal Atresia.

Congenital esophageal stenosis due to tracheobronchial remnants is defined as an intrinsic stenosis of the esophagus caused by congenital architectural abnormalities of the esophageal wall. Although CES is present at birth, it remains asymptomatic till at the age of 4-10 months, when solid food is introduced. Here we present a case diagnosed in the neonatal period after urgent cesarean for an associated duodenal atresia complicated with perforation.

Multidetector CT of right-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia associated with hepatopulmonary fusion in a newborn.

We present a neonate with a complex congenital cardiopathy and a right-sided diaphragmatic hernia complicated with hepatopulmonary fusion. Radiography, abdominal US and multidetector CT (MDCT) demonstrated right-sided lung hypoplasia and liver herniation. In addition, MDCT angiography showed abnormal pulmonary vascular anatomy.

Cross-sectional study of tracheomegaly in children after fetal tracheal occlusion for severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Purpose: To measure tracheal dimensions in children with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) who had undergone fetoscopic endoluminal tracheal occlusion (FETO) or were treated expectantly during gestation.

Materials And Methods: The study was approved by the local ethics committee. Computed tomography was performed in 23 patients (14 boys and nine girls) aged 1 month to 6.

T2 quantifications of lungs in the fetal lamb with experimentally-induced congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Objective: As an aid to evaluate lung hypoplasia, we investigated the difference between T2 value in fetal lungs of lambs with surgically-induced left-sided diaphragmatic hernia (DH) and gestational age (GA)-matched control littermates (normal [NL]).

Methods: Lungs were divided into two groups: DH (n = 4) and NL (n = 6). DH was induced at 65-75 days GA (term = 145 days).

Fetal magnetic resonance imaging of an intracranial venous thrombosis. Case report.

Objective: To describe the magnetic resonance imaging findings of an antenatal intracranial venous thrombosis.

Methods: Prenatal ultrasound (US) at 22 weeks' gestational age (GA) in a 27-year-old patient (G2 P1) revealed a nonspecific avascular echogenic mass above the cerebellum evaluated with MRI at 23 weeks' GA.

Results: With MRI an enlarged occipital pericerebral space with a layered ovoid mass at the torcular herophili was demonstrated and MRI characteristics suggested a subacute cloth.

Massive lung collapse with partial resolution after several years: a case report.

Background: Bronchitis obliterans is a severe and extremely rare complication of respiratory tract infections in children and is characterized by massive atelectasis and collapse of the affected lung. Of the rare cases reported in the literature all surviving children underwent surgical resection of the collapsed lung.

Case Presentation: We report an infant with bronchitis obliterans that was treated conservatively.

Ultrasound diagnosis of infantile scrotal emphysema.

We report a 4-month-old boy who developed scrotal emphysema following removal of a chest drain. The initial diagnosis was made by ultrasonography. This report describes the sonographic findings, pathophysiological mechanisms and outcome of this rare entity.

High-resolution real-time compound ultrasound imaging of transient protein-losing gastropathy of childhood.

We report the case of a 1.5-year-old girl with transient protein-losing gastropathy with hypertrophic gastric folds (PLGH). The diagnosis of PLGH was made by abdominal ultrasound (US) and not by an upper gastrointestinal (UGI) study as reported in many previous publications.

Postnatal cranial ultrasonographic findings in feto-fetal transfusion syndrome.

Our objective was a retrospective evaluation of cranial US in survivors of twin pregnancy with feto-fetal transfusion syndrome (FFTS), with knowledge of prenatal treatment and neonatal/postnatal clinical data. In 18 pregnancies with FFTS (January 1996 to May 2000), pregnancy management and outcome, and neonatal clinical/neurological data and follow-up (age of 3-7 months) were documented when available. Postnatal cranial US abnormalities were differentiated in prenatal and peri/postnatal lesions, respectively, in "donor" and "recipient.

Tuberous sclerosis with cystic renal disease and multifocal renal cell carcinoma in a baby girl.

An infant, in whom the prenatal diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis complex was made, presented with extreme bilateral nephromegaly owing to diffuse cystic changes. Histology of the resected non-functioning left kidney revealed, in addition to the characteristic cysts, two foci of renal cell carcinoma not visible on US or MRI. This infant is exceptional given the extensive cystic transformation of both kidneys and the presence of malignant lesions at this young age.