Screening for Turner Syndrome-Associated Hyperglycemia: Evaluating Hemoglobin A1c and Fasting Blood Glucose.

Introduction: Individuals with Turner syndrome (TS) are at increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus (DM). Currently, annual DM screening with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) with or without fasting blood glucose (FBG) is recommended starting at age 10. However, the optimal DM screening for individuals with TS is not known.

Rapidly Progressive Precocious Puberty With an Elevated Testosterone Level in a 5-Year-Old Boy With a β-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin-Secreting Intracranial Germ Cell Tumor in the Pineal Gland.

Objective: Peripheral precocious puberty (PP) is an infrequent etiology for early sexual development. Intracranial germ cell tumors (GCTs) are rare but can present infrequently with PP with the rate of development affected by the degree of tumor hormone production. Our objective was to describe a young boy with a β-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)-secreting intracranial GCT with an extremely elevated testosterone level, who presented with rapidly progressive PP.