Determination of ethyl glucuronide in nails by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry as a potential new biomarker for chronic alcohol abuse and binge drinking behavior.

A liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for ethyl glucuronide (EtG) detection and quantification in nails was developed and fully validated. Nails were extracted in 700 μL double-distilled water. EtG-d(5) was used as an internal standard.

[Role and functions of physicians in the ancient Rome].

Today an important international debate is related to the problem of the fair allocation of health care resources. Surprisingly, if we go back to the old Roman age we find the premise for a kind of social health care system. Interestingly, by reading legal and narrative sources we can, get an idea about how medicine was perceived and regulated in ancient Roman society.