The Importance of the Type of Posterior Staphyloma in the Development of Myopic Maculopathy.

The objective of this paper was to determine how different types of posterior staphyloma (PS) may affect the appearance and degree of myopic maculopathy. A cross-sectional study was conducted, in which 467 eyes from 246 highly myopic patients [axial length (AL) ≥ 26 mm] were studied. A complete ophthalmic exploration was carried out on all patients, including imaging tests.

Analysis of Bilaterality and Symmetry of Posterior Staphyloma in High Myopia.

The purpose of this study was to examine bilaterality and symmetry of posterior staphyloma (PS) in high myopic eyes. This cross-sectional and non-interventional study assessed 473 high myopic eyes [axial length (AL) ≥ 26 mm] of 259 patients. Patients underwent an ophthalmological examination including multimodal-imaging and myopic maculopathy grading according to Atrophic/Tractional/Neovascular (ATN) system, presence and subtype of PS, and severe pathologic myopia (PM).

Retinal phototoxicity after macular hole surgery in a patient under paclitaxel.

Background: The purpose is to report the second case, to our knowledge, of suspected paclitaxel-induced phototoxic maculopathy following pars plana vitrectomy surgery.

Case Presentation: 63-year-old phakic female who underwent an uneventful phaco-vitrectomy to treat a complete macular hole, developing macular phototoxicity in the post-operatively period that could not be explained by the surgery itself and could only be attributed to a possible photosensitization induced by the previous use of paclitaxel.

Conclusions: The use of paclitaxel has been widely extended as a chemotherapy drug to treat breast cancer.

Influence of posterior staphyloma in myopic maculopathy and visual prognosis.

Background/objectives: Posterior staphyloma is a hallmark of high myopia and its presence associates to greater degrees of myopic maculopathy. Nonetheless, its development, repercussion on visual function and relationship with maculopathy components, is still unclear. The objective was to analyze the impact of posterior staphyloma on the incidence and severity of myopic maculopathy and its repercussion on visual prognosis.

ASSESSMENT AND ROLE OF ARTERY-VEIN COMPLEX IN MYOPIC CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULARIZATION USING OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY.

Purpose: To analyze the presence of an artery-vein complex (AVC) underneath myopic choroidal neovascularization (mCNV) and to determine its relationship with neovascular activity.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 681 eyes from 362 patients with high myopia defined by an axial length of >26 mm using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography imaging. Patients with clinical diagnosis of mCNV and good quality OCT angiography images were then selected.

Update on the Utility of Optical Coherence Tomography in the Analysis of the Optic Nerve Head in Highly Myopic Eyes with and without Glaucoma.

Glaucoma diagnosis in highly myopic subjects by optic nerve head (ONH) imaging is challenging as it is difficult to distinguish structural defects related to glaucoma from myopia-related defects in these subjects. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has evolved to become a routine examination at present, providing key information in the assessment of glaucoma based on the study of the ONH. However, the correct segmentation and interpretation of the ONH data employing OCT is still a challenge in highly myopic patients.

Posterior Staphyloma as Determining Factor for Myopic Maculopathy.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the influence of posterior staphyloma (PS) on the development of myopic maculopathy.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: A total of 467 highly myopic eyes (axial length [AL] ≥26 mm) of 246 patients were included.

Atrophic, Tractional, and Neovascular Grading System in a Dome-Shaped Macula and Ridge-Shaped Macula Highly Myopic Cohort.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to analyze the atrophic, tractional, and neovascular (ATN) components grading in highly myopic patients with dome-shaped macula (DSM) and ridge-shaped macula (RSM).

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, noninterventional study. 57 eyes of 38 different patients were included.

Dome-Shaped Macula versus Ridge-Shaped Macula Eyes in High Myopia Based on the 12-line Radial Optical Coherence Tomography Scan Pattern. Differences in Clinical Features.

Purpose: To study clinical features in patients with ridge-shaped macula (RSM) compared with those with dome-shaped macula (DSM) having been previously classified by the number of swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) radial scans affected.

Methods: Retrospective observational study including 49 highly myopic eyes from 31 patients who underwent SS-OCT. DSM eyes were defined as those that showed a complete round inward convexity in all their axes, presenting an inward convexity ≥50 µm in the 12-line radial OCT scans.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MYOPIC CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULARIZATION ACTIVITY AND PERFORATING SCLERAL VESSELS IN HIGH MYOPIA.

Purpose: To study perforating scleral vessels (PSVs) in patients with high myopia using swept-source optical coherence tomography and to determine their relationship with myopic choroidal neovascularization (mCNV) and its activity.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients with high myopia (≥-6 D or ≥26 mm of axial length) using multimodal imaging. The presence of PSVs and mCNV was assessed using swept-source optical coherence tomography images (TRITON; Topcon Corporation, Japan).

Pathologic myopia and severe pathologic myopia: correlation with axial length.

Purpose: This study had three aims: (1) correlate axial length (AL), age and best-corrected visual acuity in high myopic patients scored on the ATN grading system; (2) determine AL cut-off values to distinguish between pathologic myopia (PM) and severe PM; and (3) identify clinical differences between PM and severe PM.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional, non-interventional study. All patients underwent complete ophthalmologic examination, ATN grading and multimodal imaging (colour fundus photography, swept-source OCT, fundus autofluorescence, OCT angiography and fluorescein angiography).

Evolution of Macular Bruch Membrane Defects of Patchy Chorioretinal Atrophy in Pathologic Myopia Based on a Recent Classification System.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the progression of macular Bruch membrane defects (BMD) in highly myopic patients with patchy atrophy (PA); and study its correlation with the enlargement of PA and ATN grading. Setting/Venue: Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

Patients And Methods: This was a cross-sectional, noninterventional study.

Changes in Lower Lid Position after Standard Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate the changes on the position of the lower lid after phacoemulsification surgery using objective methods.

Methods: This prospective study evaluated the lower lid position of cataract carriers who underwent to phacoemulsification surgery from January to May 2017. Data were collected on demographics, type of anesthesia, duration of the surgical procedure, and duration of the speculum remained in place.

Short-term changes in ocular surface signs and symptoms after phacoemulsification.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence, natural course, and distribution pattern of superficial punctate keratopathy and describe the changes in signs and symptoms of dry eye after cataract surgery.

Setting: The setting of this study is University Hospital Rio Hortega and Instituto Universitario de Oftalmobiología Aplicada, Valladolid, Spain.

Design: This is a prospective interventional study.

An Objective Evaluation of the Upper Eyelid Position after Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery.

: To objectively measure the upper eyelid position following phacoemulsification cataract surgery and to identify the determinants of postoperative transient ptosis. : This is a single arm prospective study of patients who underwent cataract surgery from January to May 2017 at a tertiary Eye Hospital in Spain. Data comprised of: the type of anesthesia, the duration that the speculum remained in place and the total surgical time (duration of the procedure).

Isolated Fourth Nerve Palsy in Tuberculous Meningitis.

Tuberculous meningitis is a type of subacute meningitis and like other intracranial processes can compromise ocular motor nerves, causing palsies. Trochlear nerve is an unusual isolated manifestation in this type of pathology. The authors report a 5-year-old boy presented in their clinic with a trochlear nerve palsy as unique neurological manifestation of tuberculous meningitis.