Stability of unilateral posterior crossbite treatment with the Function Generating Bite appliance : Association with reduction of mandibular clockwise rotation and increased maxillary transversal width measurements.

Purpose: This observational study aimed to evaluate the stability of unilateral posterior crossbite (UPXB) correction with the functional appliance function generating bite (FGB appliance) during follow-up and its effects on craniofacial growth.

Materials And Method: A total of 102 age- and gender-matched patients were included: 51 with UPXB (male [M] = 19; female [F] = 32; mean age ± standard deviation [SD] = 7.6 ± 1.

Definitive radiotherapy and trismus in HNC patients: A critical review.

Introduction: Trismus is a potentially critical morbidity following curative-intended radiotherapy in head and neck cancer patients. However, in this setting, evidence regarding this side effect remains to be fully defined, particularly in terms of dosimetric parameters.

Materials And Methods: Key references were derived from a PubMed query.

Reverse chewing patterns in patients with bilateral posterior crossbite are related to the occlusal features of the malocclusion.

Background: Bilateral posterior crossbite (BPXB) is a severe malocclusion associated with maxillary hypoplasia. BPXB may involve the same or a different number of teeth between the sides.

Objectives: To evaluate the masticatory function in BPXB and the association between the masticatory alterations and the occlusal features of BPXB.

Functional treatment of bilateral posterior crossbite improves mandibular kinematics during chewing.

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of treatment of bilateral posterior crossbite (BPXB) on mandibular kinematics by the percentage of reverse chewing cycles (RCCs) during soft and hard bolus chewing before and after the correction of the malocclusion with function-generating bite (FGB).

Materials And Methods: This prospective study included 71 subjects: 19 patients with occlusally symmetric BPXB (M = 9; F = 10; mean age 9.3 ± 2.

Temporomandibular joint involvement in patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: comparison of ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging in assessing the periarticular space width.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the performance of Ultrasonography (US) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in assessing the Lateral Periarticular Space (LPAS) of Temporomandibular Joints (TMJs) in patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA).

Methods: The LPAS width was evaluated in two different patient groups. In the JIA group, including 29 children (13 ± 2.

Cranial structure and condylar asymmetry of adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective: The aim of this prospective cross sectional study was to evaluate the cranial structure and condylar asymmetry of adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) diagnosed after 25 years of age compared to a healthy adult control group.

Methods: Eighteen adult patients (57.4 ± 11.

"Association between posterior unilateral functional crossbite and asymmetrical spinal flexion: A prospective study".

Background: Unilateral posterior crossbite (UPC) with functional shift is a malocclusion that may have the potential to affect the masticatory function and the flexibility of the spine due to intrinsic occlusal, structural and functional asymmetries sustained by marked asymmetrical muscular activation.

Research Question: To investigate whether the presence of UPC with functional shift is associated with reverse chewing pattern and altered spine flexion.

Methods: Patients with UPC and a control group of patients with normal occlusion were recorded when chewing soft and hard boluses using a Kinesiograph (Myotronics-Noromed Inc.

Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita with maxillofacial involvement: a case report.

Background: Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita is a rare condition that mainly involves the lower limbs, characterized by severe joint deformity and contracture, muscular atrophy, and functional impairment. Its clinical manifestations are heterogenous and may involve the maxillofacial district as well.

Case Presentation: This case report describes a 20-year-old patient with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita with skeletal crossbite, facial asymmetry, reduced mouth opening and absence of lateral mandibular movement on the left side.

Improvement in the transverse dimension of dental arches in mixed dentition patients with posterior crossbite treated with functional therapy.

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of treatment of posterior crossbite (PXB) in the mixed dentition with the Function Generating Bite (FGB) appliance on the transverse dimension of the dental arches.

Materials And Methods: This study included 84 PXB patients (female = 46; male = 38; mean age, 8.2 ± 1.

Condylar Asymmetry in Children with Unilateral Posterior Crossbite Malocclusion: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.

Unilateral posterior crossbite (UXB) is a common, severely asymmetric malocclusion, characterized by maxillary hypoplasia and masticatory dysfunction. The aim of this research is to evaluate the asymmetry of mandibular condyles and rami in children with UXB. This comparative cross-sectional study included 33 children with UXB (girls = 15, boys = 18; mean age ± SD = 8.

Effects of Contact Sports on Temporomandibular Disorders: An Observational Study.

The study investigated the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders in 100 competitive athletes in contact sports, equally grouped by the practiced game: Soccer (SoG), Rugby (RG), American Football (AFG), Boxing (BoG), Basketball (BaG), compared to a randomly control group of 20 non-athletes (CG). Symptoms and signs were examined according to the standardized Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders through a questionnaire and clinical evaluation. Arthralgia showed significant differences between RG and CG and between AFG and CG (p < 0.

Spinal disorders and mastication: The potential relationship between adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and alterations of the chewing patterns.

Objective: To evaluate mastication in a group of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) with a control group, by means of the prevalence of reverse chewing cycles (RCCs).

Material And Methods: This study included a group of patients (N = 32; F = 24; M = 8; mean age ± SD = 14 ± 3 years) with a confirmed diagnosis of AIS and a group of control subjects (N = 32; F = 24; M = 8; mean age ± SD = 13 ± 6 years) without spinal disorders. Mastication was recorded with both a hard and a soft bolus, following a standardized protocol, and the prevalence of RCCs was compared between the groups.

Chewing Patterns and Muscular Activation in Deep Bite Malocclusion.

Background: Deep bite, a frequent malocclusion with a high relapse rate, is associated with craniofacial features that need to be considered in the course of orthodontic treatment.

Methods: This study included 81 patients with deep bite malocclusion (11.4 ± 1.

Temporomandibular Disorders and Oral Features in Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies (IIMs) Patients: An Observational Study.

Inflammatory idiopathic myopathies (IIMs) are inflammatory processes affecting skeletal musculature and extramuscular organs. Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) involve jaw muscles and temporomandibular joint. The aim of this observational study was to investigate the prevalence of the main TMD symptoms and signs as well as oral implications in IIM patients.

Juvenile/Adolescent Idiopatic Scoliosis and Rapid Palatal Expansion. A Pilot Study.

The question of whether orthodontic therapy by means of rapid palatal expansion (RPE) affects the spine during development is important in clinical practice. RPE is an expansive, fixed therapy conducted with heavy forces to separate the midpalatal suture at a rate of 0.2-0.

Evaluation of masticatory function in patients with cleft lip and/or palate.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the masticatory pattern in children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) through investigation of the prevalence of reverse sequencing chewing cycles. The study group included 18 patients with CL/P (mean age: 7.4 yr, SD: 1.

Immunofluorescence Evaluation of Myf5 and MyoD in Masseter Muscle of Unilateral Posterior Crossbite Patients.

Unlabelled: A unilateral posterior crossbite is a malocclusion where the low activity of the affected masseter muscle is compensated by the contralateral muscle hypertrophy. It is still unknown if, in the same condition, myogenesis with new fibre formation takes place.

Aim: the aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of myogenesis markers, such as Myf5 and MyoD, in masseter muscles of unilateral posterior crossbite patients.

The influence of food hardness on the physiological parameters of mastication: A systematic review.

Objective: This systematic review had the purpose to collect existing data concerning the influence of food hardness on mastication in adults.

Design: The review was listed with PROSPERO (CRD42017069760) and was directed following with PRISMA and CRD (Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York) statement. A database search of articles issued from 1998 up to December 2018 was carried-out using four databases: Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus.

Altered mastication adversely impacts morpho-functional features of the hippocampus: A systematic review on animal studies in three different experimental conditions involving the masticatory function.

Recent results have established that masticatory function plays a role not only in the balance of the stomatognathic system and in the central motor control, but also in the trophism of the hippocampus and in the cognitive activity. These implications have been shown in clinical studies and in animal researches as well, by means of histological, biochemical and behavioural techniques. This systematic review describes the effects of three forms of experimentally altered mastication, namely soft-diet feeding, molar extraction and bite-raising, on the trophism and function of the hippocampus in animal models.

Temporomandibular Disorders and Oral Features in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients: An Observational Study of Symptoms and Signs.

: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a connective tissue disease characterized by a wide range of pleomorphic pictures, including mucocutaneous, renal, musculoskeletal and neurological symptoms. It involves oral tissues, with hyposalivation, tooth decay, gingivitis, angular cheilitis, ulcers and glossitis. Temporomandibular disorders represent a heterogeneous group of inflammatory or degenerative diseases of the stomatognatic system, with algic and/or dysfunctional clinical features involving temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and related masticatory muscles.

Chapter 14: Impact of Oral Health on Diet/Nutrition.

An individual's oral health status has a profound impact on his/her acquisition and utilization of nutrients and interchangeably the nutrients an individual consumes determine the state of oral health by preventing tooth loss and oral diseases. Oral diseases have a considerable impact on the masticatory function which is a critical first step in oral processing of food materials for nutrient procurement. Specifically, a section of this chapter is dedicated to the physiology of masticatory function and to the recent acknowledgement of its influence on memory and cognition, both during development and aging.

Adverse effects of the bite-raised condition in animal studies: A systematic review.

Objective: To provide a systematic review of the effects of the bite-raised condition in animal models, a widespread technique in modern orthodontics.

Design: A systematic review of the literature was conducted. Original articles were searched through Pubmed, Cochrane Central database and Embase until December 2018.

Thoracic-lumbar-sacral spine sagittal alignment and cranio-mandibular morphology in adolescents.

Purpose: The relationship between thoracic-lumbar-sacral spine sagittal alignment and craniofacial morphology is still controversial. Evidence-based results are difficult to obtain and scientific studies are inhomogeneous. The aim of this study was to investigate the difference of thoracic-lumbar-sacral spine posture and cephalometric values comparing two groups of subjects with different cranial structure in the sagittal plane.

Temporomandibular Disorders and Oral Features in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: An Observational Study.

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) represent a heterogeneous group of inflammatory or degenerative diseases of the stomatognatic system, with algic and/or dysfunctional clinical features involving temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and related masticatory muscles. Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune polyarthritis characterized by the chronic inflammation of synovial joints and oral implications such as hyposalivation, difficulty in swallowing and phoning, feeling of burning mouth, increased thirst, loss of taste or unpleasant taste and smell, dental sensitivity. The aim of this observational study was to investigate the prevalence of TMD symptoms and signs as well as oral implications in patients with Early Rheumatoid Arthritis (ERA), that is a RA diagnosed within 12 months, compared with a control group.

Condylar long axis and articular eminence in MRI in patients with temporomandibular disorders.

Objective: To compare morphologic findings in MRI and skeletal divergence of a group of patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) subdivided into condylar symmetric and asymmetric.

Methods: Fifty-nine adults (26.7 years old) with TMD were retrospectively recruited.