Evaluation of Almond Shell Activated Carbon for Dye (Methylene Blue and Malachite Green) Removal by Experimental and Simulation Studies.

The present work analyzes the behavior of an activated carbon fabricated from almond shells for the removal of cationic dyes (methylene blue, MB, and malachite green, MG) by adsorption from aqueous solutions. The carbonized precursor was activated with KOH at a 1:2 (/) ratio with the objective of increasing both the surface area and the pore volume. Both non-activated and activated carbon were characterized in different aspects of interest in dye adsorption studies (surface structure, point of zero charge, specific surface area, and pore size distribution).

Sleep quality of patients with heart failure and associated factors.

Objectives: to assess sleep quality of patients with heart failure and associated sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.

Methods: a cross-sectional study, developed with 88 patients. Sleep quality was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.

Worldwide analysis of actionable genomic alterations in lung cancer and targeted pharmacogenomic strategies.

Based on data from the Global Cancer Statistics 2022, lung cancer stands as the most lethal cancer worldwide, with age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates of 23.6 and 16.9 per 100,000 people, respectively.

Digenic Inheritance of Mutations in Homologous Recombination Genes in Cancer Patients.

Background/objectives: , , , and are known cancer predisposition genes (CPGs), but tumor risk in patients with simultaneous pathogenic variants (PVs) in CPGs remains largely unknown. In this study, we describe six patients from five families with multiple cancers who coinherited a combination of PVs in these genes.

Methods: PVs were identified using NGS DNA sequencing and were confirmed by Sanger.

Gastric cancer actionable genomic alterations across diverse populations worldwide and pharmacogenomics strategies based on precision oncology.

Gastric cancer is one of the most prevalent types of cancer worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO), the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), and the Global Cancer Statistics (GLOBOCAN) reported an age standardized global incidence rate of 9.2 per 100,000 individuals for gastric cancer in 2022, with a mortality rate of 6.

The pharmacoepigenetic paradigm in cancer treatment.

Epigenetic modifications, characterized by changes in gene expression without altering the DNA sequence, play a crucial role in the development and progression of cancer by significantly influencing gene activity and cellular function. This insight has led to the development of a novel class of therapeutic agents, known as epigenetic drugs. These drugs, including histone deacetylase inhibitors, histone acetyltransferase inhibitors, histone methyltransferase inhibitors, and DNA methyltransferase inhibitors, aim to modulate gene expression to curb cancer growth by uniquely altering the epigenetic landscape of cancer cells.

Screening of variables affecting the selective leaching of valuable metals from waste motherboards' PCBs.

The presence of valuable and hazardous metals in waste printed circuit boards, especially, motherboards, makes their recovery necessary as implies great economic and environmental advantages and develops urban mining processes. Hence, this research is focused on the selective leaching of Cu, Pb, and Sn as base metals using nitric acid and hydrochloric acid and Au, Ag, and Pd as precious metals using thiourea and sodium thiosulfate from waste motherboards' PCBs in a sequential eco-friendly two-stage process. Previously, thiourea and sodium thiosulfate were used as leaching agents to investigate their applicability for the leaching of metals from PCBs in a single-stage process.

Sexual behavior of university students in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed-methods study.

Objective: To analyze the sexual behaviors of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method: Mixed study, carried out on four campuses of a public university in Paraíba, Brazil, between March 2021 and April 2022. The research followed ethical precepts.

S/N/O-Enriched Carbons from Polyacrylonitrile-Based Block Copolymers for Selective Separation of Gas Streams.

A series of polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based block copolymers with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as sacrificial bock were synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization and used as precursors for the synthesis of porous carbons. The carbons enriched with O- and S-containing groups, introduced by controlled oxidation and sulfuration, respectively, were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectrometry, and their surface textural properties were measured by a volumetric analyzer. We observed that the presence of sulfur tends to modify the structure of the carbons, from microporous to mesoporous, while the use of copolymers with a range of molar composition PAN/PMMA between 10/90 and 47/53 allows the obtainment of carbons with different degrees of porosity.

(Dys)functional insights into nucleic acids and RNA-binding proteins modulation of the prion protein and α-synuclein phase separation.

Prion diseases are prototype of infectious diseases transmitted by a protein, the prion protein (PrP), and are still not understandable at the molecular level. Heterogenous species of aggregated PrP can be generated from its monomer. α-synuclein (αSyn), related to Parkinson's disease, has also shown a prion-like pathogenic character, and likewise PrP interacts with nucleic acids (NAs), which in turn modulate their aggregation.

Response to Vaccine-Derived Polioviruses Detected through Environmental Surveillance, Guatemala, 2019.

Guatemala implemented wastewater-based poliovirus surveillance in 2018, and three genetically unrelated vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs) were detected in 2019. The Ministry of Health (MoH) response included event investigation through institutional and community retrospective case searches for acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) during 2018-2020 and a bivalent oral polio/measles, mumps, and rubella vaccination campaign in September 2019. This response was reviewed by an international expert team in July 2021.

Association Between Sense of Coherence and Tobacco Use Among Brazilian Adolescent Students.

Investigating tobacco use and associated factors is essential to set priorities and health promotion strategies among adolescents. Several studies examined the relationship between this behavior and the psychosocial salutogenic construct Sense of Coherence (SOC), but the evidence is limited to adolescents in high-income countries. This study aimed to analyze the association between tobacco use and SOC among Brazilian adolescent students.

Intersectoral Collaboration to Promote Child Development: The Contributions of the Actor-Network Theory.

An integrated intersectoral care model promises to meet complex needs to promote early child development and address health determinants and inequities. Nevertheless, there is a lack of understanding of actors' interactions in producing intersectoral collaboration networks. The present study aimed to analyze the intersectoral collaboration in the social protection network involved in promoting early child growth and development in Brazilian municipalities.

Immune response to co-administration of measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR), and yellow fever vaccines: a randomized non-inferiority trial among one-year-old children in Argentina.

Background: In yellow fever (YF) endemic areas, measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR), and YF vaccines are often co-administered in childhood vaccination schedules. Because these are live vaccines, we assessed potential immune interference that could result from co-administration.

Methods: We conducted an open-label, randomized non-inferiority trial among healthy 1-year-olds in Misiones Province, Argentina.

Annual educational expenses of European urology residents and the role of sponsorship in urology training: a survey-based analysis.

Introduction: The aim of this article was to evaluate the personal monetary costs associated with the urology residency.

Material And Methods: The European Society of Residents in Urology (ESRU) designed a 35-item survey and distributed it via email and social media to urology residents in Europe.Monthly net salary and educational expenses (general expenses, literature, congresses and courses) and opinions regarding sponsorship and expenditure were evaluated.

The NIH-led research response to COVID-19.

Investment, collaboration, and coordination have been key.

Intermediate molecular phenotypes to identify genetic markers of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity risk.

Cardiotoxicity due to anthracyclines (CDA) affects cancer patients, but we cannot predict who may suffer from this complication. CDA is a complex disease whose polygenic component is mainly unidentified. We propose that levels of intermediate molecular phenotypes in the myocardium associated with histopathological damage could explain CDA susceptibility; so that variants of genes encoding these intermediate molecular phenotypes could identify patients susceptible to this complication.

Religiosity is associated with caregivers' perception of preschool children's dental health.

The aim of the study was to investigate the association between psychosocial factors and perception of caregivers about the dental health of their preschool children. A cross-sectional analysis was performed with 146 caregiver-child dyads attended at Pediatric Dentistry school clinics in Goiânia, Midwest Brazil. Data were collected through a structured interview and a questionnaire with the caregivers and the children's dental records.

Health-related quality of life predictors in people with chronic wounds.

Objective: To assess health-related quality of life and its predictors among people with chronic wounds.

Material And Methods: A cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted with 85 people with chronic wounds, from July to September 2019, at a university hospital in the state of Paraíba, Brazil. Data were collected using forms and the Cardiff Wound Impact Schedule (CWIS).

Reliability of a Low-Cost Assessment of Tibial Torsion and Transverse-Plane Posture of the Lower Limb and Pelvis Using a Smartphone Compass.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate intra- and interrater reliability and minimal detectable change (MDC) of clinical measures proposed to assess tibial torsion and the posture of the lower limbs and pelvis in the transverse plane.

Methods: Twenty-five able-bodied and asymptomatic participants (mean age 27 ± 4.03, 12 women) were assessed during relaxed standing with a compass application on a smartphone coupled to a caliper.

[Periodontal status of temporarily institutionalized homeless adults and associated factors].

The scope of this cross-sectional study was to describe the periodontal status and its association with sociodemographic, oral-health related behaviors and use of drugs among temporarily institutionalized homeless adults. The data were collected through oral clinical examination and a questionnaire with 102 adults attending the only public institution for this group in Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil. The periodontal condition was measured by the presence of bleeding on probing, dental calculus and pockets, according to the Community Periodontal Index (CPI).

Educational quality and oral health promotion in Brazilian schools: a multilevel analysis of national data.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether educational quality is associated with schools' potential support for oral health promotion in Brazil, using a multilevel model. An ecological study was carried out using data from 940 public schools (school level) from the 27 Brazilian state capitals (city-level). The explanatory variable was educational quality, measured by the Basic Education Development Index (IDEB) for each city, and the four dependent variables referred to the Oral Health Promotion School Environment (OHPSE) indicator and its dimensions: Dimension 1 (In-school aspects), Dimension 2 (Aspects of the school surroundings), and Dimension 3 (Prohibitive policies at school).