Evaluation of topical corticosteroids in children with phimosis through morphological and immunohistochemical analyses of the foreskin.

Introduction: Histopathological analysis of the foreskin has become more common in the last two decades.

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the morphology of the foreskin and determine the effects of topical corticosteroid therapy on this tissue.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated forty foreskin samples from children aged from 2 years to 15 years with phimosis undergoing circumcision at our institution over a 2-year period.

Melatonin treatment in fetal and neonatal diseases.

This literature review aims to address the main scientific findings on oxidative stress activity in different gestational disorders, as well as the function and application of melatonin in the treatment of fetal and neonatal changes. Oxidative stress has been associated with the etiopathogenesis of recurrent miscarriages, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, and stillbirth. Both, the exacerbated consumption of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, and the increased synthesis of reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide, peroxynitrite, and hydrogen peroxide, induce phospholipid peroxidation and endothelial dysfunction, impaired invasion and death of trophoblast cells, impaired decidualization, and remodeling of maternal spiral arteries.