[ß-lactam antibiotics resistance in Latin American countries].

Ever since antimicrobial activity was observed at the end of the XIX century and antibiotics were produced on a large scale in the 40s, microorganisms have developed multiple resistance mechanisms, making treatment of infectious diseases difficult. For instance, several Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria lowered their sensitivity to ß-Lactam antibiotics as a result of their inadequate use and abuse. For this reason, microbial resistance to these drugs represents an increasing health problem in Latin America due to the emergence of drug-resistant bacterial strains.