Nematicidal and Insecticidal Compounds from the Laurel Forest Endophytic Fungus sp.

The search for natural product-based biopesticides from endophytic fungi is an effective tool to find new solutions. In this study, we studied a pre-selected fungal endophyte, isolate YCC4, from the paleoendemism , along with compounds present in the extract and the identification of the insect antifeedant and nematicidal ones. The endophyte YCC4 was identified as sp.

Antifeedant, antifungal and nematicidal compounds from the endophyte Stemphylium solani isolated from wormwood.

The continuous search for natural product-based biopesticides from fungi isolated from untapped sources is an effective tool. In this study, we studied a pre-selected fungal endophyte, isolate Aa22, from the medicinal plant Artemisia absinthium, along with the antifungal, insect antifeedant and nematicidal compounds present in the extract. The endophyte Aa22 was identified as Stemphylium solani by molecular analysis.

GC-MS profiling, antifeedant, nematicidal and phytotoxic effects of essential oils of two subspecies of (Maiden) Maiden.

This work presents the biocidal effects and chemical compositions of two essential oils (EOs) obtained by hydrodistillation of subsp and subsp. . The two subspecies studied had different chemical composition, when analysed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry with 1,8-cineole (56.

Screening System of Cannabis sativa Extracts Based on Their Mitochondrial Safety Profile Using Cytochrome c Oxidase Activity as a Biomarker.

The development of strains with high cannabidiol (CBD) and low tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content is a growing field of research, both for medical and recreational use. However, the mechanisms behind clinical actions of cannabinoids are still under investigation, although there is growing evidence that mitochondria play an important role in many of them. Numerous studies have described that cannabinoids modulate mitochondrial activity both through activation of mitochondrial cannabinoid receptors and through direct action on other proteins such as mitochondrial complexes involved in cellular respiration.

Nematicidal Screening of Aqueous Extracts from Plants of the Yucatan Peninsula and Ecotoxicity.

Active metabolites from plants are considered safer than synthetic chemicals for the control of plant-parasitic nematodes of the genus . In the present work, 75 aqueous extracts (AEs) from different vegetative parts of 34 native plant species of the Yucatan Peninsula were evaluated against second-stage juveniles (J2s) of and in microdilution assays. The highest mortality (M) against both species was produced by the foliar AE from (M ≥ 94%) and (M ≥ 77%) at 3% / after 72 h.

Antifungal and Herbicidal Potential of Essential Oils from the Peruvian Amazonia.

The chemical composition of essential oils (EOs) from ten Peruvian Piper species (Piper coruscans, Pc; P. tuberculatum, Pt; P. casapiense, Pcs; P.

The DNA methylation landscape of the root-knot nematode-induced pseudo-organ, the gall, in Arabidopsis, is dynamic, contrasting over time, and critically important for successful parasitism.

Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) induce giant cells (GCs) within galls which are characterized by large-scale gene repression at early stages. However, the epigenetic mechanism(s) underlying gene silencing is (are) still poorly characterized. DNA methylation in Arabidopsis galls induced by Meloidogyne javanica was studied at crucial infection stages (3 d post-infection (dpi) and 14 dpi) using enzymatic, cytological, and sequencing approaches.

Valorization of the Hydrolate Byproduct from the Industrial Extraction of Purple Essential Oil as a Source of Nematicidal Products.

The hydrolate byproduct resulting from the industrial essential oil extraction of Spanish purple garlic has been studied against the root-knot nematode by in vitro and in vivo bioassays. The essential oil, the hydrolate and its organic fraction caused high mortality of juveniles, suppressed egg hatch, and reduced nematode infection and reproduction on tomato plants. The nematicidal compounds of garlic oil, diallyl disulfide and diallyl trisulfide, were the major components of the hydrolate organic fraction.

Essential Oils Prime Epigenetic and Metabolomic Changes in Tomato Defense Against .

In this work, we studied the direct and indirect plant protection effects of an essential oil (AEO) on tomato seedlings against sp. (). AEO exhibited a toxic effect against .

In Vitro Assessment of Organic and Residual Fractions of Nematicidal Culture Filtrates from Thirteen Tropical Strains and Metabolic Profiles of Most-Active.

The nematicidal properties of species have potential for developing safer biocontrol agents. In the present study, 13 native strains from , (2 strains), (4), . , , and (4) with nematicidal activity were selected and cultured in potato dextrose broth to obtain a culture filtrate (CF) for each.

Alkane-, alkene-, alkyne-γ-lactones and ryanodane diterpenes from aeroponically grown Persea indica roots.

This work presents the study of the roots of the Macaronesian paleoendemism Persea indica (L.) Spreng. The root biomass of this protected tree species has been produced by soil-less aeroponic culture under controlled environment.

Root-knot nematodes induce gall formation by recruiting developmental pathways of post-embryonic organogenesis and regeneration to promote transient pluripotency.

Root-knot nematodes (RKNs; Meloidogyne spp.) induce new post-embryogenic organs within the roots (galls) where they stablish and differentiate nematode feeding cells, giant cells (GCs). The developmental programmes and functional genes involved remain poorly defined.

Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of subsp. Essential Oils and Hydrolate.

Given the importance of the genus as a source of valuable natural products, the rare plant subspecies endemic to the Iberian Peninsula, has been experimentally cultivated in the greenhouse and aeroponically, to produce biomass for essential oil (EO) extraction. The chemical composition of the EOs was analyzed, and their plant protection (insects: , and ; plants: and ; fungi: and nematode: ) and antiparasitic (, and antiplasmodial by the ferriprotoporphyrin biocrystallization inhibition test) properties were studied, in addition to the hydrolate by-product. The EOs showed a 1,8-cineole and camphor profile, with quantitative and qualitative chemical differences between the cultivation methods.

Factors Affecting the Metabolite Productions in Endophytes: Biotechnological Approaches for Production of Metabolites.

Since 1980, many species and different strains from endophytic genera of Phomopsis, Fusarium, Pestaliopsis and Aspergillus have been studied because of their ability to produce medicinal compounds found in their host plants. Some of these medicinal agents such as Taxol, Brefeldine A, Camptothecin and Podophyllotoxin are being produced in large-scale after an optimization process. However, the potential of fungal endophytes to produce host-like medicinal compounds remains largely unexplored.

Medium-Chain Fatty Acids from Leaves Causing Insect Settling Deterrent, Nematicidal, and Phytotoxic Effects.

(Myrtaceae) is an endemic plant from the Yucatan peninsula. Its organic extracts and fractions from leaves have been tested on two phloem-feeding insects, and , on two plant parasitic nematodes, and , and phytotoxicity on and . Results showed that both the hexane extract and the ethyl acetate extract, as well as the fractions, have strong antifeedant and nematicidal effects.