Innovative Aqueous Nanoemulsion Prepared by Phase Inversion Emulsification with Exceptional Homogeneity.

Formulating low-solubility or low-permeability drugs is a challenge, particularly with the low administration volumes required in intranasal drug delivery. Nanoemulsions (NE) can solve both issues, but their production and physical stability can be challenging, particularly when a high proportion of lipids is necessary. Hence, the aim of the present work was to develop a NE with good solubilization capacity for lipophilic drugs like simvastatin and able to promote the absorption of drugs with low permeability like fosphenytoin.

Pharmacological screening of the phenolic compound caffeic acid using rat aorta, uterus and ileum smooth muscle.

Caffeic acid is a phenolic compound widely found in commonly consumed foods such as pears, apples and coffee, and is pharmacologically known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-asthmatic properties. However, its relaxant activity in the aorta, uterus and ileum smooth muscle has not been investigated. This study aimed to comparatively evaluate the effect of caffeic acid on smooth muscle from different organs (aorta, uterus and ileum), and the contractions of this different organ were induced by different agonists.

Influenza virus infection complicated by bacterial necrotising pneumonia: two case reports.

Necrotising pneumonia (NP) is a potentially severe complication of community-acquired pneumonia characterised by necrosis of consolidated lung tissue. A 7-year-old boy and a 6-year-old boy are presented, both of whom had a complicated influenza infection which evolved into severe NP caused by . Both needed intensive care for invasive respiratory support.

Acrodermatitis dysmetabolica as a sign of methylmalonic aciduria decompensation.

Methylmalonic aciduria children must follow an adequate diet with low protein intake and should be regularly monitored to prevent complications. Although skin lesions like acrodermatitis enteropathica are rare in this disease, their appearance should be correlated with possible low plasma isoleucine level and it can be a sign of decompensation.

"When Grief Breaks Your Heart": A Case Study of Interpersonal Psychotherapy Delivered in a Primary Care Setting.

Depression and anxiety, the so-called common mental disorders (CMDs), are highly prevalent and disabling, yet remain largely untreated. This treatment gap is particularly true in low- and middle-income settings, where there is significant scarcity of resources (including human resources) and treatment accessibility is complicated by stigma surrounding mental illness. To address these challenges, the MANAS trial, one of the largest to date randomized, controlled trials, aimed to test the effectiveness of a stepped care intervention led by lay health counselors in primary care settings in Goa, India.

Transient neonatal diabetes due to a missense mutation (E227K) in the gene encoding the ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KCNJ11).

Neonatal diabetes is a monogenic form of diabetes. Herein, we report on a newborn presenting diabetic ketoacidosis at 17 days of life. A KCNJ11 mutation was identified.

Primary health care assessment tools: a literature review and metasynthesis.

This study comprises a systematic review and metasynthesis of qualitative literature on national and international databases to identify the main tools used to assess Primary Health Care (PHC). A total of 3,048 results were returned for literature written in Portuguese, Spanish and English published between 1979 and 2013. Thirty-three articles/studies were selected after thorough reading and analysis.

Syndrome in question.

Rendu-Osler-Weber Syndrome also known as Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia is a rare systemic fibrovascular dysplasia, with dominant autosomal inheritance. It is characterized by recurrent epistaxis, mucocutaneous telangiectasia, visceral arteriovenous malformation and positive family history. There may be hematologic, neurologic, dermatologic and gastrointestinal complications.

[Some perspectives for the analysis of health management in São Paulo State (Brazil)].

The current study aims to reflect the changes made in Secretaria do Estado da Saúde de São Paulo (SES) (São Paulo's Health State Secretariat, Brazil) related to the theoretical management proposals. A brief bibliography research was done, in Lilacs and Scielo databases. Twenty two bibliography sources from the period of 1993 to 2007 were selected.

Preliminary studies investigating the occurrence of Biomphalaria cousini in Brazil.

Specific genetic profiles of Brazilian Biomphalaria species were previously standardized by molecular taxonomy through the analysis of restriction fragments, which were generated by digesting the internal transcribed spacer region of rDNA with the DdeI endonuclease. Biomphalaria amazonica displayed three distinct profiles. To investigate these distinct profiles, the same molecular technique, polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism, was used with different endonucleases.

Comfrey (Symphytum Officinale. l.) and Experimental Hepatic Carcinogenesis: A Short-term Carcinogenesis Model Study.

Comfrey or Symphytum officinale (L.) (Boraginaceae) is a very popular plant used for therapeutic purposes. Since the 1980s, its effects have been studied in long-term carcinogenesis studies, in which Comfrey extract is administered at high doses during several months and the neoplastic hepatic lesions are evaluated.