Moving around a Large City in Latin America: The Mobility Challenges Faced by Older Adults with Disabilities.

A growing body of research has shown that barriers in the urban environment can be disabling by reducing the ability of older people to manage independently in the community, but also because they can negatively affect health by limiting the possibilities to move outside the home. In this study, we ask how obstacles in the urban environment are associated with the need for help to go to places in the community. To respond to this question, we used the Annual Household Survey of the City of Buenos Aires, Argentina 2018, which had a specific questionnaire for people with disabilities.

Self-perceived health status, gender, and work status.

This study analyzes the relationship between gender and self-perceived health status in Spanish retirees and housewives from a sample of 1,106 community-dwelling older adults. A multivariate linear regression model was used in which self-perceived health status was measured by the EQ-5D visual analogue scale and gender according to work status (retired men and women and housewives). Retired males reported a significantly better health status than housewives.

[Spatial analysis of mortality from cardiovascular diseases in Madrid City, Spain].

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, but its spatial distribution is not homogeneous. The objective of this study is to analyze the spatial pattern of mortality from these diseases for men and women, in the populated urban area (AUP) of the municipality of Madrid, and to identify spatial aggregations.

Methods: An ecological study was carried out by census tract, for men and women in 2010.

Active ageing and quality of life: factors associated with participation in leisure activities among institutionalized older adults, with and without dementia.

Objectives: Active ageing, considered from the perspective of participation in leisure activities, promotes life satisfaction and personal well-being. The aims of this work are to define and explain leisure activity profiles among institutionalized older adults, considering their sociodemographic characteristics and objective and subjective conditions in relation to their quality of life.

Methods: Two samples of institutionalized people aged 60 and over were analysed together: 234 older adults without dementia and 525 with dementia.

Quality of life in older people with dementia: a multilevel study of individual attributes and residential care center characteristics.

Aim: To analyze how the characteristics of institutionalized older people with dementia and residential care centers are associated with the individual's quality of life (QoL).

Methods: Data were collected from a survey carried out on 525 elderly people aged 60 years or older in 14 nursing care homes across Spain. Multilevel linear analysis to assess the differences in QoL level between centers and individuals was carried out.

[Perception of risk factors for cancer in the Spanish population].

Objective: To analyze the perception of the Spanish population of risk factors for cancer.

Methods: Data were extracted from the OncoBarometro 2010 survey. Multivariate logistic models were applied to analyze the perception of the population on the importance of various risk factors: smoking, alcohol, sun, food, weight, sexually transmitted diseases, family history, radiation exposure, exposure to toxic substances and air pollution.

Self-perceived health and quality of life by activity status in community-dwelling older adults.

Aim: The present study aimed at analyzing whether activity status is associated with self-perceived health status and quality of life (QoL) in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: We used a cross-sectional design based on a semi-structured QoL questionnaire in a representative sample of 1106 community-dwelling adults aged 60 years and older in Spain. Logistic regression models were used to explain the association of activity status with self-perceived health status and QoL, assessed by means of the EQ-5D-3L index, controlling for the influence of sociodemographic, social and support network variables, and health indicators.

Individual's perspective of local community environment and health indicators in older adults.

Aim: This study evaluated the relationship between individual's perspective of local community environment and health in older people.

Methods: A survey about quality of life in older adults in Spain was applied to a representative sample of 1106 community-dwelling people (mean age±SD = 72.07±7.

Health status and well-being of older adults living in the community and in residential care settings: are differences influenced by age?

The objective is to identify the differences and the main factors influencing health status and well-being variables between institutionalized and non-institutionalized older adults, as well as the interaction effect of institutionalization and age. Data on a total of 468 older adults from a national survey on non-institutionalized and from a study on institutionalized older people were analyzed. Socio-demographic variables and measures on well-being (Personal Well-being Index, PWI), health status (EQ-5D), functional ability (Barthel Index), depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression subscale), loneliness and comorbidity were used.

Components and determinants of quality of life in community-dwelling older adults.

The objectives of this study are to detect the main components of global quality of life (QoL) of community-dwelling older adults from their own perspective and to identify determinants of health-related and global QoL in the same population. This is a cross-sectional study covering a representative sample of 1,106 community-dwelling adults aged 60 years and older residing in Spain. The survey collected information on QoL through a face-to-face interview asking for QoL components in free-format, as well as the completion of two QoL measures, the EQ-5D and the Personal Wellbeing Index.

Self-perceived health status in older adults: regional and sociodemographic inequalities in Spain.

Objective: To assess regional and sociodemographic differences in self-perceived health status among older adults.

Methods: A face-to-face quality of life survey was conducted in a representative sample of the Spanish population comprising 1,106 non-institutionalized elderly aged 60 or more in 2008. Logistic regression models were used to explain self-perceived health status according to the EuroQol Group Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS).

[Influence of chronic health problems in dimensions of EQ-5D: study of institutionalized and non-institutionalized elderly].

Background: Chronic medical conditions represent risk factors for health related quality of life (HRQOL). The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of self-reported chronic health conditions in HRQOL, measured through the EQ-5D dimensions, in non-institutionalized and institutionalized older adults.

Methods: Data were obtained from two studies of quality of life in population aged 60 years or over, in Spain, with a sample of 1,106 community-dwelling adults and 234 residents of care facilities.

Design, measures and sample characteristics of the CadeViMa-Spain survey on quality of life in community-dwelling older adults.

Background: The survey "Quality of life in older adults-Spain" (CadeViMa-Spain) was designed to obtain information about objective and subjective determinants of Quality of Life (QoL) in old age, from a multidimensional perspective. This paper presents the overall description, methodology, sample characteristics and reliability of the measures used.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out in a representative sample of 1106 community-dwelling adults aged 60 years and over in Spain.

Residential satisfaction, sense of belonging and loneliness among older adults living in the community and in care facilities.

The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of residential satisfaction and sense of belonging on loneliness in old age in two different contexts: the community and the residential care facility. We used two surveys of 1106 non-institutionalized and 234 institutionalized older adults, aged 60 years or more in Spain. Results from structural equation modeling and path analysis suggest that residential satisfaction would positively affect sense of belonging and would be negatively associated with loneliness in both residential environments, thus playing a protective role against the experience of loneliness.

Rasch analysis of the International Wellbeing Index in older adults.

Background: The International Wellbeing Index is a measure of general quality of life formed by two scales: the Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI) and the National Wellbeing Index (NWI). This paper studies the psychometric properties of the PWI and NWI, using Rasch analysis and classic psychometric methods.

Methods: The PWI and NWI were applied to a representative sample of 1106 community-dwelling adults, aged 60 years and over, residing in Spain.

Measurement properties of the Community Wellbeing Index in older adults.

Purpose: The international wellbeing index (IWI) consists of two scales, the personal (PWI) and national (NWI) wellbeing indices. The community wellbeing index (CWI) is a new measure of the individual's level of satisfaction with the local place of residence. The main goal of this paper is to validate the CWI in a sample of older adults.

Factors associated with loneliness of noninstitutionalized and institutionalized older adults.

Objective: First, to seek if sociodemographic and health factors contribute differentially to the explanation of loneliness in institutionalized and noninstitutionalized older adults; and second, to analyze the influence of institutionalization on loneliness.

Method: This work was based on two surveys of older adults aged 60 years or more in Spain. A group of 234 community-dwelling people and 234 nursing homes residents were selected (n = 468).

Identifying connections between the subjective experience of health and quality of life in old age.

The importance of qualitative methods in quality of life (QoL) studies is being increasingly recognized. Whereas attention has mainly focused on the exploration of relevant domains, subjective well-being, and representations of health in aging, less consideration has been given to relations among different QoL domains. We aimed in this research to identify connections between subjective health and other relevant domains from the perspective of older adults.

[Validation of the functional independence scale].

Objective: To assess the psychometric quality of an instrument designed to measure functional independence (Functional Independence Scale [FIS]) in several activities of daily living domains and to be applied by trained non-health-related interviewers. The study was carried out in the autonomous region of Madrid in community-dwelling elders.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional validation study.

[Sociodemographic and health factors explaining emotional wellbeing as a quality of life domain of older people in Madrid, Spain. 2005].

Background: The study of the emotional state and personal coping resources has drawn an increasing interest in the Quality of Life (QoL) field. Diverse researches have demonstrated its contribution to satisfaction with life, and the interconnection with other life domains of great importance in ageing, as health is. The aim of this work is to analyze the relationships of emotional wellbeing (in terms of affects and coping resources) with sociodemographic and health factors.