Microstates in multiple sclerosis: an electrophysiological signature of altered large-scale networks functioning?

Multiple sclerosis has a highly variable course and disabling symptoms even in absence of associated imaging data. This clinical-radiological paradox has motivated functional studies with particular attention to the resting-state networks by functional MRI. The EEG microstates analysis might offer advantages to study the spontaneous fluctuations of brain activity.

Lost diagnoses in not otherwise specified headache in Emergency Department.

 The diagnosis of Not Otherwise Specified (NOS) headaches in the Emergency Department (ED) is frequent despite many specialist visits performed. The aim of the study was to examine specialist visits carried out in the patients discharged from ED with diagnosis of NOS headache to evaluate discrepancies between specialist and ED diagnosis at discharge. We retrospectively (1.

Unveiling the relationship between autonomic involvement, fatigue, and cognitive dysfunction in early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

Background: Fatigue is a common, yet disabling, symptom in patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Fatigue has shown to be associated with self-reported autonomic nervous system (ANS) symptoms, particularly for cognitive fatigue; however, the question whether ANS involvement is related to cognitive impairment has never been addressed. We performed a study to unveil the complex relationship between fatigue, ANS symptoms, and cognitive impairment.

Nabiximols and botulinum toxin injections for patients with multiple sclerosis: efficacy on spasticity and spasms in a single-centre experience.

Background: Spasticity is a common and disabling symptom in patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS): as highlighted by many epidemiological studies, it is often a severe and not well treated. Despite the availability of evidence-based spasticity management guidelines, there is still great variability in everyday therapeutic approach, especially for the most complex cases.

Methods: In our single-centre study, we retrospectively evaluated PwMS-treated nabiximols and botulinum toxin injections (BTI) from July 2015 to April 2019.

Effects of a cooling vest with sham condition on walking capacity in heat-sensitive people with Multiple Sclerosis.

Purpose: Heat sensitivity is a common contraindication in people with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS), and physical fatigue is one of the most frequently reported symptoms that can affect quality of life. Increases in body temperature may exacerbate fatigue and heat-related symptoms. Decreasing body temperature via cooling devices may mitigate disease symptoms and improve physical abilities and quality of life.

Early putamen hypertrophy and ongoing hippocampus atrophy predict cognitive performance in the first ten years of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

Background: The first years of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) constitute the most vulnerable phase for the progression of cognitive impairment (CImp), due to a gradual decrease of compensatory mechanisms. In the first 10 years of RRMS, the temporal volumetric changes of deep gray matter structures must be clarified, since they could constitute reliable cognitive biomarkers for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic purposes.

Methods: Forty-five cognitively asymptomatic patients with RRMS lasting ≤ 10 years, and with a brain MRI performed in a year from the neuropsychological evaluation (Te-MRI), were included.

Adherence to guidelines of treatment of non-traumatic headache in the emergency department.

To evaluate therapies employed in patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with a chief complaint of non-traumatic headache to check if guidelines are followed. A 6-month retrospective analysis of the ED records of all the patients who referred to the ED of the University Hospital of Trieste for non-traumatic headache was performed. Out of 37.

Comfortable walking speed and energy cost of locomotion in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Comfortable walking speed and energy cost of walking are physiological markers of metabolic activity during gait. People with multiple sclerosis are characterized by altered gait biomechanics and energetics, related to the degree of disability and spasticity, which lead to an increased energy cost of walking. Several studies concerning the energy cost of walking in multiple sclerosis have been published.

Vitamin D in Neurological Diseases: A Rationale for a Pathogenic Impact.

It is widely known that vitamin D receptors have been found in neurons and glial cells, and their highest expression is in the hippocampus, hypothalamus, thalamus and subcortical grey nuclei, and substantia nigra. Vitamin D helps the regulation of neurotrophin, neural differentiation, and maturation, through the control operation of growing factors synthesis (i.e.