Mechanical Function of Internal Jugular Vein Valve: Post-analysis of M-Mode Imaging under Cardiac Monitoring.

Because the internal jugular vein (IJV) valve is the only protective valve between the brain and heart, recent studies have focused on the dynamic behaviour of the valve and its importance in regulating the cerebral blood outflow pathway. However, the mechanism underlying valve opening and closure, as well as the normal opening time, has not been investigated before. The aim of the study described here was to investigate IJV physiology in healthy young adults by means of ultrasound imaging.

High Resolution M-mode Evaluation of Jugular Vein Valves in Patients with Neurological and Neurosensory Disorders.

Background: High prevalence of valve absence was found in the internal jugular vein (IJV) of healthy volunteers by means of M-mode high-resolution Echo Colour Doppler (ECD). However, the prevalence of valve in neurovascular disorders linked to Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency (CCSVI) is still unknown.

Methods: A cohort of 83 Healthy Controls (HC), 71 Multiple Sclerosis (MS), 99 Inner Ear Disorders (IED) underwent ECD investigation of the IJV valve, including M-mode evaluation and related hemodynamics.

Clinical Applicability of Assessment of Jugular Flow over the Individual Cardiac Cycle Compared with Current Ultrasound Methodology.

There is growing interest in measuring cerebral venous outflow with ultrasound (US). However, results obtained with the current US Doppler methodology, which uses just a single value of cross-sectional area (CSA) of the vessel, are highly variable and inconclusive. The product of CSA and time-averaged velocity in the case of pulsatile vessels may be a possible source of error, particularly for a pulsatile vein like the internal jugular vein (IJV), where the cardiac pump transmits a sequence of well-established waves along the conduit.

Comparison between the effects of 18- and 23-mmHg elastic stockings on leg volume and fatigue in golfers.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the differences in the effect of 18- versus 23-mmHg hosiery as for leg volume and fatigue control.

Methods: Forty golf players (M: N.=29, F: N.

Human internal jugular valve M-mode ultrasound characterization.

In humans the mechanism governing the internal jugular vein (IJV) valve opening and closure is still unclear. M-mode is used in echo-cardiology for the heart valves assessment. Sometimes it was performed also in deep peripheral veins and in vena cava assessment, but never in the IJV valve.