Vaccines for preventing herpes zoster in older adults.

Background: Herpes zoster, commonly known as shingles, is a neurocutaneous disease caused by the reactivation of the virus that causes varicella (chickenpox). After resolution of the varicella episode, the virus can remain latent in the sensitive dorsal ganglia of the spine. Years later, with declining immunity, the varicella zoster virus (VZV) can reactivate and cause herpes zoster, an extremely painful condition that can last many weeks or months and significantly compromise the quality of life of the affected person.

Effectiveness and safety of tocilizumab for COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Background: Tocilizumab is an anti-human interleukin 6 receptor monoclonal antibody that has been used to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, there is no consensus on its efficacy for the treatment of COVID-19.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of tocilizumab for treating COVID-19.

Insufficient evidence for vitamin D use in COVID-19: A rapid systematic review.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to the increased severity of numerous viral infections.

Objective: To assess whether vitamin D supplementation is safe and effective for the treatment of COVID-19.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, LILACS and LOVE for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published up to 2 March evaluating the effects of vitamin D for the treatment of coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

Screening for cognitive impairment among individuals aged 60 years or over: scoping review.

Background: Growth in aging of the population has led to increasing numbers of elderly people presenting cognitive impairment and evolution to dementia. There is still no consensus within primary care on the best strategy for screening for cognitive impairment among elderly people. Standardization of a simple but reasonably accurate instrument for a brief cognitive test, in primary care environments, would enable healthcare professionals to identify individuals who require a more in-depth assessment of cognition.

COVID-19 and patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases undergoing pharmacological treatments: a rapid living systematic review.

Background: Patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID) are at increased risk of infection.

Objective: To assess whether patients undergoing pharmacological treatment for IMID present higher risk of worse outcomes when diagnosed with COVID-19.

Design And Setting: Rapid systematic review conducted in the medical school of the Federal University of São Paulo (SP), Brazil.

SARS-CoV-2 and arbovirus infection: a rapid systematic review.

Background: The numbers of cases of arboviral diseases have increased in tropical and subtropical regions while the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic overwhelms healthcare systems worldwide. The clinical manifestations of arboviral diseases, especially dengue fever, can be very similar to COVID-19, and misdiagnoses are still a reality. In the meantime, outcomes for patients and healthcare systems in situations of possible syndemic have not yet been clarified.

What do Cochrane Systematic Reviews say about conservative and surgical therapeutic interventions for treating rotator cuff disease? Synthesis of evidence.

Background: Shoulder pain is considered to be the third largest cause of musculoskeletal functional alterations in individuals presenting pain during movement.

Objective: The purpose of this synthesis of evidence was to identify the clinical effectiveness of conservative and surgical treatments reported in Cochrane systematic reviews among individuals diagnosed with rotator cuff disease.

Designand Setting: Review of systematic reviews, conducted in the Federal University of São Paulo (Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP).

lilacs search strategy for systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy studies.

Background: There are few publications on search strategies to identify diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) studies in lilacs.

Objective: To translate and customise medline search strategies for use in lilacs and assess their retrieval of studies in Cochrane DTA systematic reviews.

Method: We developed a six-step process to translate and customise medline search strategies for use in lilacs (iAHx interface).

Statins for aortic valve stenosis.

Background:: Aortic valve stenosis is the most common type of valvular heart disease in the USA and Europe. Aortic valve stenosis is considered similar to atherosclerotic disease. Some studies have evaluated statins for aortic valve stenosis.

Treatments of Female Sexual Dysfunction Symptoms during Pregnancy: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Introduction: There is a high prevalence of sexual dysfunction symptoms in pregnancy. These symptoms can have a negative impact on women's quality of life and affect couples' relationship.

Aim: To perform a systematic review of the literature to assess the effectiveness and safety of treatments for sexual dysfunction symptoms during pregnancy.

Psychosocial interventions for premature ejaculation.

Background: Premature ejaculation (PE) is a very common sexual dysfunction among patients, and with varying prevalence estimates ranging from 3% to 20%. Although psychological issues are present in most patients with premature PE, as a cause or as a consequence, research on the effects of psychological approaches for PE has in general not been controlled or randomised and is lacking in long-term follow up.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of psychosocial interventions for PE.

Statins for progression of aortic valve stenosis and the best evidence for making decisions in health care.

In the Western world, calcified aortic valve stenosis is the most common form of valvular heart disease, affecting up to 3% of adults over the age of 75 years. It is a gradually progressive disease, characterized by a long asymptomatic phase that may last for several decades, followed by a short symptomatic phase associated with severe restriction of the valve orifice. Investigations on treatments for aortic valve stenosis are still in progress.

Use of albumin as a risk factor for hospital mortality among burn patients in Brazil: non-concurrent cohort study.

Context And Objective: among burn patients, it is common to use colloidal substances under the justification that it is necessary to correct the oncotic pressure of the plasma, thereby reducing the edema in the burnt area and the hypotension. The aim here was to assess the risk of hospital mortality, comparing the use of albumin and crystalloid solutions for these patients.

Design And Setting: non-concurrent historical cohort study at Faculdade de Medicina de Marília; within the Postgraduate program on Internal and Therapeutic Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo; and at the Brazilian Cochrane Center.

Efficacy and safety of atypical antipsychotic drugs (quetiapine, risperidone, aripiprazole and paliperidone) compared with placebo or typical antipsychotic drugs for treating refractory schizophrenia: overview of systematic reviews.

Context And Objective: According to some cohort studies, the prevalence of refractory schizophrenia (RS) is 20-40%. Our aim was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of aripiprazole, paliperidone, quetiapine and risperidone for treating RS.

Methods: This was a critical appraisal of Cochrane reviews published in the Cochrane Library, supplemented with reference to more recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on RS.

Lapatinib for treatment of advanced or metastasized breast cancer: systematic review.

Context And Objective: Around 16% to 20% of women with breast cancer have advanced, metastasized breast cancer. At this stage, the disease is treatable, but not curable. The objective here was to assess the effectiveness of lapatinib for treating patients with advanced or metastasized breast cancer.

Oxcarbazepine for refractory epilepsy: systematic review of the literature.

Context And Objective: It has been estimated that 50 million people worldwide suffer from epilepsy and around 30% will not achieve adequate control over the disease. The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of oxcarbazepine for refractory partial or generalized epilepsy.

Methods: Systematic review.