A study investigated the use of industrial waste (tannery sludge) and construction waste (concrete and plaster) in making concrete blocks for paving.
Various tests (XRD, SEM, EDS) assessed the impact of these wastes on the blocks' properties, including strength and water absorption.
Results showed that while blocks with construction waste reached adequate strength for paving, those with tannery sludge underperformed, highlighting that 50% recycled concrete improved block performance.