Publications by authors named "Maria E Viano"
Systemic inflammatory Th1 cytokines during Trypanosoma cruzi infection disrupt the typical anatomical cell distribution and phenotypic/functional characteristics of various cell subsets within the thymus.
Microbes Infect
July 2024
Article Synopsis
- The thymus is essential for T cell differentiation, and its ability to resolve infections is affected by factors like inflammation and chronic infections.
- Inflammatory T helper 1 responses, particularly during infections like Candida albicans and Trypanosoma cruzi, can lead to mature single positive thymocytes and increased production of interferon gamma (IFNγ).
- CD44 cell presence in the thymus during T. cruzi infection indicates changes in T cell development and exportation that can be reversed in IFNγ knockout mice, suggesting that systemic inflammation impacts T cell maturation and susceptibility to diseases.
Different cytokine and chemokine profiles in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 during the first and second outbreaks from Argentina show no association with clinical comorbidities.
Front Immunol
February 2023
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates the effects of cytokine storms in COVID-19 patients from Córdoba, Argentina, comparing data from the first two waves of the pandemic to understand links between demographics, comorbidities, and disease outcomes.
- Results showed that patients during the second wave were younger and had fewer comorbidities, with distinct cytokine and chemokine profiles, while pre-existing conditions did not significantly impact cytokine levels.
- The research identified specific inflammatory markers, such as IL-6 and C-reactive protein, that could help predict patient outcomes, particularly differentiating between mortality and recovery during the first wave of infections.
Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a clinically aggressive form of undifferentiated thyroid cancer with limited treatment options. Immunotherapy for patients with ATC remains challenging. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) constitute over 50% of ATC-infiltrating cells, and their presence is associated with a poor prognosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVirtual memory CD8 T cells (T) have been described as cells with a memory-like phenotype but without previous antigen (Ag) exposure. T cells have the ability to respond better to innate stimuli rather than by TCR engagement, producing large amounts of interferon gamma (IFNγ) after stimulation with interleukin (IL)-12 plus IL-18. As a result of the phenotypic similarity, T cells have been erroneously included in the central memory T cell subset for many years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVirtual Memory CD8 T Cells: Origin and Beyond.
J Interferon Cytokine Res
December 2022
The presence of CD8 T cells with a memory phenotype in nonimmunized mice has been noted for decades, but it was not until about 2 decades ago that they began to be studied in greater depth. Currently called virtual memory CD8 T cells, they consist of a heterogeneous group of cells with memory characteristics, without any previous contact with their specific antigens. These cells were identified in mice, but a few years ago, a cell type with characteristics equivalent to the murine ones was described in healthy humans.
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- The study explores a gene expression method to safely produce systemic IL-12 and assess its impact on tumor growth in mouse models.
- Analysis of tumors from mice with the EL4 and B16 cancers showed that the IL-12 protein levels were below patient safety thresholds, which led to controlled tumor growth.
- Systemic IL-12 increased certain immune cell types while decreasing others, indicating its potential to enhance treatments for metastatic and solid tumors.
Thymic expression of IL-4 and IL-15 after systemic inflammatory or infectious Th1 disease processes induce the acquisition of "innate" characteristics during CD8+ T cell development.
PLoS Pathog
January 2019
Innate CD8+ T cells express a memory-like phenotype and demonstrate a strong cytotoxic capacity that is critical during the early phase of the host response to certain bacterial and viral infections. These cells arise in the thymus and depend on IL-4 and IL-15 for their development. Even though innate CD8+ T cells exist in the thymus of WT mice in low numbers, they are highly enriched in KO mice that lack certain kinases, leading to an increase in IL-4 production by thymic NKT cells.
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