Brunelli (Dorsoulnar) Flap for the Reconstruction of Defect of the Thumb Nail Unit After Oncological Resections With Mohs Micrographic Surgery.

Background: The Brunelli flap is an option in the reconstruction of the thumb after trauma or oncological resections. The arc of movement of the flap makes it possible to resolve defects in the proximal, palmar, dorsal, and lateral regions.

Methods: We present a case series of 11 patients in whom a Brunelli flap was performed for postoncological reconstruction, melanoma in situ, and invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the thumb nail unit associated with Mohs micrographic surgery.

A non-randomized pragmatic historically controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness and safety of a bedaquiline or a linezolid-based short regimen for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis.

Background: Short all-oral regimens for Rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (ShORRT) have been a turning point in the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis. Despite this, access to drugs, stockouts, or adverse effects may limit the use of the recommended regimens.

Methods: Pragmatic non-randomized trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of a ShORRT strategy for the treatment of rifampicin-resistant Tuberculosis (RR-TB) at the Hospital Nossa Senhora da Paz (Angola).

Qualitative Analysis of Attitudes, Knowledge, and Interest in Research of People with Parkinson's Disease and Their Care Partners Receiving Accessible Research Education.

Background: People with Parkinson's disease (PWP) and their care partners (CP) are underrepresented in research.

Methods: As an eight-week research advocacy training program, TeleDREAMS was designed to increase understanding of, and participation in, clinical research by older adults through topics on the research process. Qualitative analysis was conducted to explore themes from 365 thirty-minute semistructured phone interviews with 32 PWP and 17 CP TeleDREAMS participants.

Institutional violence from police militarization and drug cartel wars as a 'Big Event' and its influence on drug use harms and HIV risk in people who inject drugs on the U.S.-Mexico border.

Background: Globally, the US-Mexico Border is one of the largest drug trafficking regions, with Ciudad Juarez (CJ) and El Paso (EP) making up the second-largest border crossing in the world. Border communities are places where the risk of drug use harm and infectious diseases such as HIV are augmented due to the confluence of factors operating across the physical, social, economic and policy environment. Although the two cities are economically, culturally, and socially intertwined, each has distinct criminal justice systems and policy practices aimed at curtailing substance use.

Social and environmental determinants influencing injection drug use and HIV risk among two sister cities on the US-Mexico border: a comparative cross-sectional study, 2016-2018.

The economic, social, cultural and political milieus that influence injection drug-related HIV risk behaviors along the US-Mexico border in the previous decade have been studied comparing cities on an East-West axis. In an effort to inform interventions targeting factors beyond the individual level, we used a cross-sectional study design comparing people who inject drugs during 2016-2018, living on a North-South axis, in two cities-Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico and El Paso, Texas, USA-situated at the midpoint of the 2000 US-Mexico borderland stretch. We conceptualize injection drug use and its antecedents and consequences as influenced by factors operating at various levels of influence.

Comparing risk environments for HIV among people who inject drugs from three cities in Northern Mexico.

Background: A large body of research has investigated the rise of injection drug use and HIV transmission in Tijuana and Ciudad Juarez (CJ). However, little is known about the dynamics of injecting in Hermosillo. This study compares drug-related behaviors and risk environment for HIV of people who inject drugs (PWID) across Tijuana, CJ, and Hermosillo to identify factors that could explain differences in HIV prevalence.

Evaluation of the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of filling pastes used for pulp therapy on deciduous teeth using the micronucleus test on bone marrow from mice (Mus musculus).

Pulp therapy is the last resort for preserving deciduous teeth. However, the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of many products used in this therapy are not well established. The aim of this study was to use the micronucleus test on bone marrow from mice to evaluate the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of four filling pastes: zinc oxide, calcium hydroxide P.

The Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional Program to reduce events and risk factors in secondary prevention for cardiovascular disease: study protocol (The BALANCE Program Trial).

This article reports the rationale for the Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional Program (BALANCE Program) Trial. This pragmatic, multicenter, nationwide, randomized, concealed, controlled trial was designed to investigate the effects of the BALANCE Program in reducing cardiovascular events. The BALANCE Program consists of a prescribed diet guided by nutritional content recommendations from Brazilian national guidelines using a unique nutritional education strategy, which includes suggestions of affordable foods.

Brazilian Portuguese version of the CORE-OM: cross-cultural adaptation of an instrument to assess the efficacy and effectiveness of psychotherapy.

Introduction: The Clinical Outcome in Routine Evaluation - Outcome Measurement (CORE-OM) was developed in the 1990s, with the aim of assessing the efficacy and effectiveness of mental health treatments.

Objective: To adapt the CORE-OM for use in the Brazilian population.

Method: The instrument was translated and adapted based on the international protocol developed by the CORE System Trust which contains seven steps: translation, semantic equivalence analysis, synthesis of the translated versions, pre-testing in the target population, data analysis and back translation.

Radioaerosol Pulmonary Deposition Using Mesh and Jet Nebulizers During Noninvasive Ventilation in Healthy Subjects.

Background: In vivo deposition studies of aerosol administration during noninvasive ventilation (NIV) are scarce in the literature. The aim of this study was to compare radioaerosol pulmonary index and radioaerosol mass balance in the different compartments (pulmonary and extrapulmonary) of radio-tagged aerosol administered using vibrating mesh nebulizers and conventional jet nebulizers during NIV.

Methods: This was a crossover clinical trial involving 10 healthy subjects (mean age of 33.

Timing of copper intrauterine device insertion after medical abortion: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To compare intrauterine device (IUD) use at 6 months in women randomized to receive an intrauterine copper contraceptive 1 week compared with 1 month after medical abortion.

Methods: We recruited women undergoing medical abortion with mifepristone and misoprostol and choosing the copper IUD for contraception. We randomly assigned participants to "immediate" insertion 1 week after mifepristone or "delayed" insertion 4-6 weeks later.

The importance of dental care for a child with severe congenital neutropenia: a case report.

Congenital neutropenia is characterized by a decrease in the absolute number of circulating neutrophils and an increased susceptibility to infections. This paper describes the case history of a child with severe congenital neutropenia who had aggressive periodontitis associated with generalized carious lesions. She had Kostmann syndrome, which is associated with recessive mutation of the HAX-1 gene.

Pasa la voz (spread the word): using women's social networks for HIV education and testing.

Pasa la Voz (spread the word) is a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention methodology inspired by respondent-driven sampling (RDS) that uses social networks to access hard-to-reach populations. As field testing showed the approach to be efficacious among at-risk women in West Texas and Southern New Mexico, we set out to evaluate the methodology in a Mexican context. A local community organization, Programa Compañeros, first implemented a traditional one-on-one outreach strategy using promotoras (outreach workers) in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, from September 2005 to January 2006.

Sensitivity and specificity of BCG scar reading among HIV-infected children.

BCG scar has been used as an indicator of vaccination with BCG in the past, but the validity of scar among HIV-positive children is still unknown. The validity of BCG scar reading among such children was estimated, using three different gold standards. The sensitivity ranged from 81.

A tale of two cities: Social and environmental influences shaping risk factors and protective behaviors in two Mexico-US border cities.

The economic, social, cultural, and political milieus that influence HIV risk behaviors along the US-Mexico border are understudied. In an effort to appropriately inform interventions targeting structural influences, we compared injecting drug using populations living in two cities--Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua and Tijuana, Baja California--situated on the Mexico-US border. These populations presented with similar demographic profiles, but differed significantly in terms of social and environmental influences that can influence both risk and protective factors (e.

Atypical location of pyogenic granuloma in two pediatric patients.

Pyogenic granuloma is a reactional lesion that is associated with dental calculi or trauma. It occurs most frequently in children and young adults, where the gingiva is affected most commonly. Its differential diagnosis is based on histopathological findings and treatment consists of surgical removal and elimination of the irritating factor.

Shooting gallery attendance among IDUs in Tijuana and Ciudad Juarez, Mexico: correlates, prevention opportunities, and the role of the environment.

We identified factors associated with shooting gallery attendance among injection drug users (IDUs) in two Mexico-US border cities. IDUs in Tijuana (n=222) and Ciudad Juarez (n=205), Mexico, who were >or=18 years and injected illicit drugs in the last month were recruited using respondent-driven sampling (RDS). An interviewer-administered survey collected sociodemographic and behavioral data.

Evaluation of mutagenic effects of formocresol: detection of DNA-protein cross-links and micronucleus in mouse bone marrow.

Objective: The genotoxic potential of formocresol was assessed by comet assay on human peripheral blood lymphocytes and in vivo micronucleus in mice.

Study Design: Peripheral blood lymphocytes, obtained from healthy donors, were exposed directly with different dilutions of formocresol for 45 minutes at 37 degrees C. To verify the possibility of formocresol to induce DNA-protein cross-links, treated lymphocytes were incubated with proteinase K.

Injecting drug users' experiences of policing practices in two Mexican-U.S. border cities: public health perspectives.

Background: Previous research has identified the impact of law enforcement practices on the behaviours and health of injection drug users (IDUs). We undertook a qualitative study of IDUs' experiences of policing practices in two Mexican cities on the U.S.

Oral hygiene frequency and presence of visible biofilm in the primary dentition.

The purpose of this study was to associate oral hygiene frequency and presence of visible biofilm in the primary dentition. The sample consisted of 90 children, aged up to 4 years old, outpatients of the University Hospital of the Rio de Janeiro State University. The examinations were carried out in a dental office by a single trained examiner who was aided by an assistant.

Respondent-driven sampling of injection drug users in two U.S.-Mexico border cities: recruitment dynamics and impact on estimates of HIV and syphilis prevalence.

Respondent-driven sampling (RDS), a chain referral sampling approach, is increasingly used to recruit participants from hard-to-reach populations, such as injection drug users (IDUs). Using RDS, we recruited IDUs in Tijuana and Ciudad (Cd.) Juárez, two Mexican cities bordering San Diego, CA and El Paso, TX, respectively, and compared recruitment dynamics, reported network size, and estimates of HIV and syphilis prevalence.