Respiratory tract clinometry, fat thickness, haematology and productive parameters associated with direct-fed microbials used as growth promoter antibiotic alternative in weaned piglets.

The objective was to evaluate the effect of two probiotic yeast strains ( RC016 and VM004) as a substitute of growth promoter antibiotics on health status and productive parameters in weaned piglets. Commercial line hybrid piglets (Choice n=200), weaned at 21 d age were allotted by sex, and assigned in 4 pens per treatment (2 pens males and 2 pens females), 10 pigs per pen divided into 2 blocks (with or without antibiotics). Dietary treatments included a basal diet (BD) supplemented with probiotic RC016 and Kluyveromyces marxianus VM004 (100 g, 1 × 1010 CFU/g, respectively), with or without antibiotics, mixed per ton of growth phases diets.

Potential Nociceptive Role of the Thoracolumbar Fascia: A Scope Review Involving In Vivo and Ex Vivo Studies.

Nociceptive innervation of the thoracolumbar fascia (TLF) has been investigated over the past few decades; however, these studies have not been compiled or collectively appraised. The purpose of this scoping review was to assess current knowledge regarding nociceptive innervation of the TLF to better inform future mechanistic and clinical TLF research targeting lower back pain (LBP) treatment. PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, and Embase databases were searched in January 2021 using relevant descriptors encompassing fascia and pain.

A Novel Single Domain Antibody Targeting FliC Flagellin of for Effective Inhibition of Host Cell Invasion.

The enteric pathogen, is a major cause of human gastroenteritis globally and with increasing bacterial resistance to antibiotics, alternative solutions are urgently needed. Single domain antibodies (sdAbs), the smallest antibody fragments that retain antigen binding specificity and affinity, are derived from variable heavy-chain only fragments (VHH) of camelid heavy-chain-only immunoglobulins. SdAbs typically contain a single disulfide bond simplifying recombinant protein production in microbial systems.

Small Rho GTPases and the Effector VipA Mediate the Invasion of Epithelial Cells by Filamentous .

(Lp) exhibits different morphologies with varying degrees of virulence. Despite their detection in environmental sources of outbreaks and in respiratory tract secretions and lung autopsies from patients, the filamentous morphotype of Lp remains poorly studied. We previously demonstrated that filamentous Lp invades lung epithelial cells (LECs) and replicates intracellularly in a containing vacuole.

Global Analysis of Mannitol 2-Dehydrogenase in Lactobacillus reuteri CRL 1101 during Mannitol Production through Enzymatic, Genetic and Proteomic Approaches.

Several plants, fungi, algae, and certain bacteria produce mannitol, a polyol derived from fructose. Mannitol has multiple industrial applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and medical industries, being mainly used as a non-metabolizable sweetener in foods. Many heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria synthesize mannitol when an alternative electron acceptor such as fructose is present in the medium.

Efficient mannitol production by wild-type Lactobacillus reuteri CRL 1101 is attained at constant pH using a simplified culture medium.

Mannitol is a natural polyol with multiple industrial applications. In this work, mannitol production by Lactobacillus reuteri CRL 1101 was studied at free- and controlled-pH (6.0-4.

Role of arachidonic acid cascade in Rhinella arenarum oocyte maturation.

There are no studies that document the production of prostaglandins (PGs) or their role in Rhinella arenarum oocyte maturation. In this study, we analysed the effect of arachidonic acid (AA) and prostaglandins (PGs) on maturation, activation and pronuclear formation in R. arenarum oocytes.

Biotechnological and in situ food production of polyols by lactic acid bacteria.

Polyols such as mannitol, erythritol, sorbitol, and xylitol are naturally found in fruits and vegetables and are produced by certain bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and algae. These sugar alcohols are widely used in food and pharmaceutical industries and in medicine because of their interesting physicochemical properties. In the food industry, polyols are employed as natural sweeteners applicable in light and diabetic food products.

Concanavalin-A induces granulosa cell death and inhibits FSH-mediated follicular growth and ovarian maturation in female rats.

Reproductive success stems from a finely regulated balance between follicular maturation and atresia, in which the role of carbohydrate structure is poorly understood. Here, we describe for the first time a fraction of purified recombinant human FSH that is capable of bringing about the cell death of granulosa cells and preventing follicular maturation in a rat model. Further analysis by mass spectrometry revealed the presence of the lectin Concanavalin-A (Con-A) within this fraction of recombinant FSH.

Involvement of PLA2, COX and LOX in Rhinella arenarum oocyte maturation.

In Rhinella arenarum, progesterone is the physiological nuclear maturation inducer that interacts with the oocyte surface and starts a cascade of events that leads to germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD). Polyunsaturated fatty acids and their metabolites produced through cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) pathways play an important role in reproductive processes. In amphibians, to date, the role of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites in progesterone (P4)-induced oocyte maturation has not been clarified.

Lactobacillus reuteri CRL 1101 highly produces mannitol from sugarcane molasses as carbon source.

Mannitol is a natural polyol extensively used in the food industry as low-calorie sugar being applicable for diabetic food products. We aimed to evaluate mannitol production by Lactobacillus reuteri CRL 1101 using sugarcane molasses as low-cost energy source. Mannitol formation was studied in free-pH batch cultures using 3-10% (w/v) molasses concentrations at 37 °C and 30 °C under static and agitated conditions during 48 h.

In vitro assessment of some sperm function following exposure to levonorgestrel in human fallopian tubes.

Background: The mechanism of action of levonorgestrel (LNG) as emergency contraception (EC) remains a subject of debate and its effect on sperm function has been only partially explained. The aim of this study was to assess whether LNG at a similar dose to those found in serum following oral intake for EC could affect spermatozoa when exposed to human fallopian tubes in vitro.

Methods: Fifteen mini-laparotomies were performed, the side on which ovulation occurred was recorded, and both tubes were removed and perfused with a suspension containing 1 × 10(6) motile spermatozoa, with or without LNG.

Early fitness consequences and hormonal correlates of parental behaviour in the social rodent, Octodon degus.

Males are expected to assist their mates whenever this behaviour raises survival of offspring with little expense in terms of mating opportunities. At a more proximate level, cortisol and testosterone hormones seem involved in the expression of parental care in mammals. We examined the consequences to postnatal offspring development and survival of the males' presence in the social rodent, Octodon degus.

Copper-T intrauterine device and levonorgestrel intrauterine system: biological bases of their mechanism of action.

All intrauterine devices (IUDs) that have been tested experimentally or clinically induce a local inflammatory reaction of the endometrium whose cellular and humoral components are expressed in the tissue and the fluid filling the uterine cavity. Depending on the reproductive strategy of the species considered and the anatomical features and physiologic mechanisms that characterize their reproductive system, the secondary consequences of this foreign body reaction can be very localized within the uterus, as in the rabbit, or widespread throughout the entire genital tract as in women or even systemic as in some farm animals. Levonorgestrel released from an IUD causes some systemic effects, but local effects such as glandular atrophy and stromal decidualization, in addition to the foreign body reaction, are dominant.

Mechanisms of action of emergency contraception.

The use of levonorgestrel (LNG) alone or combined with ethinylestradiol (Yuzpe regimen), for hormonal emergency contraception (HEC) has been approved in several countries whereas in others it is still under debate or has been rejected under the claim that these formulations abort the developmental potential of the embryo. The issue is whether they act by preventing fertilization or by impeding the successful development of the zygote through and beyond implantation. Until now, published work has left this issue largely unresolved, and this paucity of knowledge sustains heated controversies in many settings.

Transmembrane and truncated (SEC) isoforms of MUC1 in the human endometrium and Fallopian tube.

The cell surface mucin MUC1 is expressed by endometrial epithelial cells with increased abundance in the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, when it is found both at the apical cell surface and in secretions. This suggests the presence of a maternal cell surface glycoprotein barrier to embryo implantation, arising from the anti-adhesive property of MUC1. In previous work, we demonstrated alternatively spliced MUC1 variant forms in tumour cells.

Differentiation in the mouse morulae.

A cytochemical method has been used to test claims that the differentiation of the mouse morulae can be accounted for by the position of the blastomeres: the central becoming inner mass cells and the peripheral trophoblast cells. The cytochemical method is an adaptation of Gomori-Takamatsu's demonstration of alkaline phosphatase activity, which stains the inner cell mass and not the trophoblast. The significance of this procedure is dicussed.