Lipidomics Reveals Cisplatin-Induced Renal Lipid Alterations during Acute Kidney Injury and Their Attenuation by Cilastatin.

Nephrotoxicity is a major complication of cisplatin-based chemotherapy, leading to acute kidney injury in ca. 30% of patients, with no preventive intervention or treatment available for clinical use. Cilastatin has proved to exert a nephroprotective effect for cisplatin therapies in in vitro and in vivo models, having recently entered clinical trials.

Multiresidue determination of ultratrace levels of fluoroquinolone antimicrobials in drinking and aquaculture water samples by automated online molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography.

The present work describes the development of a sensitive and highly selective innovative method for the simultaneous detection of six fluoroquinolone (FQ) antimicrobials (enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, levofloxacin, danofloxacin, and sarafloxacin) in water samples. This detection is based on online solid phase extraction, coupled to liquid chromatography (LC), using for the first time tailor-made molecularly imprinted microspherical polymer particles prepared via precipitation polymerization. Various parameters affecting the extraction efficiency of the polymer have been optimized to reduce nonspecific interactions and to achieve selective uptake of the antibiotics from real samples.

An SPR biosensor for the detection of microcystins in drinking water.

A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor for the detection of microcystins (MCs) in drinking water has been developed. Several assay formats have been evaluated. The selected format is based on a competitive inhibition assay, in which microcystin-LR (MCLR) has been covalently immobilized onto the surface of an SPR chip functionalized with a self-assembled monolayer.

An overview of sample preparation procedures for LC-MS multiclass antibiotic determination in environmental and food samples.

Antibiotics are a class of pharmaceuticals that are of great interest due to the large volumes of these substances that are consumed in both human and veterinary medicine, and due to their status as the agents responsible for bacterial resistance. They can be present in foodstuffs and in environmental samples as multicomponent chemical mixtures that exhibit a wide range of mechanisms of action. Moreover, they can be transformed into different metabolites by the action of microorganisms, as well as by other physical or chemical means, resulting in mixtures with higher ecotoxicities and risks to human health than those of the individual compounds.

Preparation of antibodies and development of a sensitive immunoassay with fluorescence detection for triazine herbicides.

Specific polyclonal antibodies against s-triazine herbicides were obtained by preparing immunogens coupling home-synthesized haptens derivatives of simazine (6-chloro-N-ethyl-N'-ethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine) to lysine groups of hemocyanin from keyhole limpets and bovine serum albumin carrier proteins. Three highly sensitive rabbit antisera were obtained and evaluated with a battery of six enzyme tracers derived from triazine structures in an optimized ELISA format. The antiserum As8 and the HRP-2f tracer, which yield the best assay sensitivity for simazine (detection limit 0.

Molecularly imprinted polymers applied to the clean-up of zearalenone and alpha-zearalenol from cereal and swine feed sample extracts.

A molecularly imprinted polymer prepared using 1-allylpiperazine (1-ALPP) as the functional monomer, trimethyltrimethacrylate (TRIM) as the crosslinker and the zearalenone (ZON)-mimicking template cyclododecanyl-2,4-dihydroxybenzoate (CDHB) has been applied to the clean-up and preconcentration of this mycotoxin (zearalenone) and a related metabolite, alpha-zearalenol (alpha-ZOL), from cereal and swine feed sample extracts. The extraction of ZON and alpha-ZOL from the food samples was accomplished using pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) with MeOH/ACN (50:50, v/v) as the extraction solvent, at 50 degrees C and 1500 psi. The extracted samples were cleaned up and preconcentrated through the MIP cartridge and analyzed using HPLC with fluorescence detection (lambda (exc)=271/ lambda (em)=452 nm).