Immunogenicity and safety of inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine compared with the trivalent vaccine for influenza infection: an overview of systematic reviews.

Background: Influenza infection is a highly preventable transmissible viral disease associated with mild upper respiratory symptoms and more severe conditions such as lethal pneumonia. Studies have shown that a broader spectrum influenza vaccine could reduce influenza's burden of disease in low- and middle-income countries. A considerable number of systematic reviews reported that quadrivalent influenza vaccines are considered more effective compared to trivalent vaccines, hence, there is a need for an overview in order to synthesize the current evidence pertaining to the comparison between quadrivalent and trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines.

A randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority trial comparing the immunogenicity and safety of two seasonal inactivated influenza vaccines in adults.

Background: To enhance the production and availability of influenza vaccines in different regions of the world is paramount to mitigate the global burden of this disease. Instituto Butantan developed and manufactured an embryonated egg-based inactivated split-virion trivalent seasonal influenza vaccine as part of a technology transfer partnership with Sanofi Pasteur.

Methods: This is a phase IV, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, multicenter clinical trial including adults 18-60 and > 60 years recruited during the 2019 southern hemisphere influenza season.

Dose-sparing effect of two adjuvant formulations with a pandemic influenza A/H7N9 vaccine: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1 clinical trial.

The emergence of potentially pandemic viruses has resulted in preparedness efforts to develop candidate vaccines and adjuvant formulations. We evaluated the dose-sparing effect and safety of two distinct squalene-based oil-in-water adjuvant emulsion formulations (IB160 and SE) with influenza A/H7N9 antigen. This phase I, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-finding trial (NCT03330899), enrolled 432 healthy volunteers aged 18 to 59.

Active pharmacovigilance of the seasonal trivalent influenza vaccine produced by Instituto Butantan: A prospective cohort study of five target groups.

Introduction: Active pharmacovigilance studies are pivotal to better characterize vaccine safety.

Methods: These are multicenter prospective cohort studies to evaluate the safety of the 2017 and 2018 seasonal trivalent influenza vaccines (TIVs) manufactured by Instituto Butantan, by means of active pharmacovigilance practices. Elderly, children, healthcare workers, pregnant women, and women in the puerperium period were invited to participate in the study during the 2017 and 2018 Brazilian national seasonal influenza vaccination campaigns.

Safety and immunogenicity of the tetravalent, live-attenuated dengue vaccine Butantan-DV in adults in Brazil: a two-step, double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled phase 2 trial.

Background: The Butantan Institute has manufactured a lyophilised tetravalent live-attenuated dengue vaccine Butantan-DV, which is analogous to the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) TV003 admixture. We aimed to assess the safety and immunogenicity of Butantan-DV.

Methods: We did a two-step, double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled phase 2 trial at two clinical sites in São Paulo, Brazil.

[Epidemiology of accidents by venomous animals and distribution of antivenon: state of art and world status].

Accidents by venomous animals are discussed under the historical perspective of state actions. Considered as neglected diseases, they cause social and economic losses in the working age population from rural areas of poor countries, as few of them have public health policies for adequate prophylaxis and treatment; in fact, the largest life losses occur in Africa and Asia. The 46 world producers of antivenin do not meet the global needs, making access to treatment difficult, even in countries with own production.

Tracing an invasion: landbridges, refugia, and the phylogeography of the Neotropical rattlesnake (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalus durissus).

Abstract Pleistocene fragmentation of the Amazonian rainforest has been hypothesized to be a major cause of Neotropical speciation and diversity. However, the role and even the reality of Pleistocene forest refugia have attracted much scepticism. In Amazonia, previous phylogeographical studies have focused mostly on organisms found in the forests themselves, and generally found speciation events to have predated the Pleistocene.