Evaluation of the multimorbidity network and its relationship with clinical phenotypes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: The GALAXIA study.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex and heterogeneous condition, in which taking into consideration clinical phenotypes and multimorbidity is relevant to disease management. Network analysis, a procedure designed to study complex systems, allows to represent connections between the distinct features found in COPD.

Methods: Network analysis was applied to a cohort of patients with COPD in order to explore the degree of connectivity between different diseases, taking into account the presence of two phenotypic traits commonly used to categorize patients in clinical practice: chronic bronchitis (CB /CB ) and the history of previous severe exacerbations (Ex /Ex ).

Inter-observer agreement for the histological diagnosis of invasive lobular breast carcinoma.

Invasive lobular breast carcinoma (ILC) is the second most common breast carcinoma (BC) subtype and is mainly driven by loss of E-cadherin expression. Correct classification of BC as ILC is important for patient treatment. This study assessed the degree of agreement among pathologists for the diagnosis of ILC.

The COPD Comorbidome in the Light of the Degree of Dyspnea and Risk of Exacerbation.

The BODE group designed a bubble chart, analogous to the solar system, which depicts the prevalence of each disease and its association with mortality and called it a "comorbidome". Although this graph was used to represent mortality and, later, the risk of needing hospital admission, it was not applied to visualize the association between a set of comorbidities and the categories of the GOLD 2017 guidelines, neither according to the degree of dyspnea nor to the risk of exacerbation. For the purpose of knowing to which extent each comorbidity associates with each of the two conditions-most symptomatic group (groups B and D) and highest risk of exacerbation (groups C and D)-we performed a analysis based on the comorbidome.

Health Status in Patients with COPD According to GOLD 2017 Classification: Use of the COMCOLD Score in Routine Clinical Practice.

The COMCOLD score was developed to quantify the impact of comorbidities on health status in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The objective of this study is to evaluate the association between health status in outpatients with COPD according to COMCOLD score and the GOLD 2017 groups according to symptoms (B and D vs. A and C) and exacerbations (C and D vs.

Modified aquaporin 5 expression and distribution in submandibular glands from NOD mice displaying autoimmune exocrinopathy.

Objective: To investigate the expression and localization of aquaporin 5 (AQP5) in salivary glands and salivary gland function in the NOD mouse.

Methods: All experiments were performed using NOD and BALB/c mice (ages 8 weeks and 24 weeks). Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunohistochemical analysis were used to study the expression and distribution of AQP5 in salivary glands.

Recombinant adenovirus administration in rat peritoneum: endothelial expression and safety concerns.

Background: Initial studies of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to the peritoneum have shown transgene expression in the mesothelium from the parietal peritoneum. Using a replication-deficient adenovirus encoding beta-galactosidase (Ad beta Gal), we investigated the expression efficiency and the distribution of the transgene to different areas of both visceral and parietal peritoneum and to extra-peritoneal tissues.

Methods: Male Wistar rats received an intraperitoneal injection of 15 ml of 0.