Prevalence of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy in the Community of Madrid (Spain), estimation with a capture-recapture method.

Background: Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) typically presents in young adults as bilateral painless subacute visual loss. Prevalence data are scarce. The aim of this study was to examine the validity of different ascertainment sources used in population-based rare diseases registries to detect cases, and to explore the impact of a capture-recapture method in the estimation of the prevalence of LHON in the Autonomous Community of Madrid (ACM) in 2022.

Utilisation of primary healthcare services by Sjögren's syndrome patients in the Community of Madrid and associated factors: a population-based cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To describe the utilisation of primary health care (PHC) services and factors associated with its use by patients diagnosed with Sjögren's syndrome (SS).

Methods: Population-based cross-sectional cohort of SS patients in Madrid, Spain (SIERMA). Sociodemographic, diagnostic, clinical and PHC service utilisation variables were studied by bivariate analyses and regression models.

Vaccination against influenza: Coverage and adherence in children under 15 years with high-risk medical conditions in the Community of Madrid.

Introduction: Vaccination against influenza is indicated in children at risk of complications or severe disease. The objective of this study was to describe the percentage of children aged less than 15 years with risk conditions vaccinated against influenza in the Community of Madrid, and to analyze the factors associated with adherence to vaccination throughout 3 vaccination campaigns.

Materials And Methods: Population-based cross-sectional observational study of children aged 6 months to 14 years with conditions that indicated influenza vaccination at the beginning of the 2018-2019 campaign.

[Evaluation of a meningococcal ACWY catch-up vaccination program for adolescents on Community of Madrid.].

Objective: In 2019 the Interterritorial Board of the Spanish National Health System approved the modification of the vaccination strategy against meningococcus. The objective of this study was to evaluate the meningococcal ACWY catch-up vaccination program in adolescents born in 2001 and 2002 in the Community of Madrid.

Methods: Cross-sectional population-based study.

Accuracy of anthropometric measurements and weight status perceptions reported by parents of 4-year-old children.

Objective: To assess the validity of self-reported height and weight by parents of 4-year-old children and subjective weight perception.

Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study.

Setting: Paediatric population living in the Autonomous Community of Madrid.

Time Trends in the Incidence of Long-Term Mortality in T2DM Patients Who Have Undergone a Lower Extremity Amputation. Results of a Descriptive and Retrospective Cohort Study.

(1) Background: The aims of this study were to examine the incidence of lower extremity amputations (LEAs) among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to compare the mortality risk of diabetic individuals who underwent LEA with age and sex-matched diabetic individuals without LEA. (2) Methods: We performed a descriptive observational study to assess the trend in the incidence of LEA and a retrospective cohort study to evaluate whether undergoing LEA is a risk factor for long-term mortality among T2DM patients. Data were obtained from the Hospital Discharge Database for the Autonomous Community of Madrid, Spain (2006-2015).

Demand for health services and drug prescriptions among overweight or obese preschool children.

Objectives: To evaluate the association between excess weight and the demand of health services in preschool children compared with healthy weight.

Methods: The data come from the Longitudinal Study of Childhood Obesity cohort (1884 4-year-old children, residing in the Madrid region, Spain) who provided information through telephone questionnaire, physical examination and electronic medical records. We defined overweight, general and abdominal obesity based on body mass index, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio.

Lifestyle interventions for cancer prevention in primary care: Differences between family physicians and nursing professionals.

Rationale, Aims, And Objectives: Prevention offers the most cost-effective long-term strategy for cancer control. The objective of this study was to ascertain opinions, attitudes, and professional practices towards cancer prevention among primary care professionals and to assess differences between family physicians (FP) and nursing professionals (NP).

Method: A cross-sectional study was performed in 2012 in the Community of Madrid.

Clostridium difficile infection in hospitalized patients with COPD in Spain (2001-2015).

Background: The objectives of this study were to examine incidence and in-hospital outcomes of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) among patients with COPD, to compare clinical variables among COPD patients with matched non-COPD patients hospitalized with CDI, and to identify factors associated with in-hospital mortality (IHM) among COPD patients.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study using the Spanish National Hospital Discharge Database from 2001 to 2015. We included patients aged 40 years or over with a primary or secondary diagnosis of CDI.

Incidence and in-hospital outcomes of Clostridium difficile infection among type 2 diabetes patients in Spain.

Aim: To examine incidence and in-hospital outcomes of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM); compare clinical variables among T2DM patients with matched non-T2DM patients hospitalised with CDI and identify factors associated with in-hospital mortality (IHM) among T2DM patients.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study using the Spanish National Hospital Discharge Database, 2001-2015. We included patients that had CDI as primary or secondary diagnosis in their discharge report.

Coverage and predictors of influenza vaccination in patients with cystic fibrosis in a campaign with a mobile phone text messaging intervention.

Annual influenza vaccination is considered the best protection against influenza infection. We analyzed the influenza vaccine coverage (IVC) in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and evaluated the factors associated with the IVC, including the effect of text-message/SMS reminders. We performed a cross-sectional study in the Community of Madrid (Spain) in 2015.

Adequacy of information provided by healthcare professionals on vaccines: Results of a population survey in Spain.

Objective: To describe the population who self-reported perceiving information on vaccines provided by health professionals as inadequate, and to analyze factors associated.

Methods: A Spanish nationwide representative health survey conducted in individuals ≥18 in 2015 (N = 7 800) was used. Respondents were classified according to the question: 'Do you think that health professionals inform adequately to patients about the advantages and risks of vaccines prior to their administration? (yes/no/non-responders).

Request for HIV serology in primary care: A survey of medical and nursing professionals.

Introduction: In the Community of Madrid there is 42.7% late HIV diagnosis. Primary care is the gateway to the health system and the frequency of serological tests requested by these professionals is unknown.

A feasibility study for 3 strategies promoting HIV testing in primary health care in Madrid, Spain (ESTVIH project).

Rationale And Objectives: Late diagnosis of HIV infection is a public health problem. Framed by the international guidelines for improving HIV testing, in 2014, the Spanish Ministry of Health published a guide of recommendations to promote early diagnosis of HIV in health care settings. In the Community of Madrid, in order to implement these recommendations, we defined 3 new HIV testing strategies in primary health care.

Main causes of hospitalization in people with Angelman syndrome.

Background: The objective was to describe the main causes of hospitalization in people with Angelman syndrome (AS).

Method: Population-based cross-sectional study in the Community of Madrid (CM), Spain. The information source for AS cases was the information system for rare diseases in the CM.

Injuries Among Immigrants Treated in Primary Care in Madrid, Spain.

This study compared the injury incidence rates by sex in adult immigrant and native population attended in primary care in the Community of Madrid, Spain. Cross-sectional study of injuries registered in the primary care electronic medical record in 2012. Crude and age-adjusted incidence rates by sex, region of birth and type of injury were calculated.

Influenza vaccination coverages among high risk subjects and health care workers in Spain. Results of two consecutive National Health Surveys (2011-2014).

Objectives: We aim to describe influenza vaccination coverage for the Spanish population using data from two consecutive nation-wide representative health surveys. The data was analysed by high risk groups, health care workers (HCWs) and immigrants. Also, coverage trends were analysed.

Socioeconomic inequalities in injuries treated in primary care in Madrid, Spain.

Background: Socioeconomic inequalities in injury morbidity are an important yet understudied issue in Southern Europe. This study analysed the injuries treated in primary care in the Community of Madrid, Spain, by socioeconomic status (SES), sex and age.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of injuries registered in the primary care electronic medical records of the Madrid Health Service in 2012.

Influence of primary care professionals on early detection of breast cancer: different perception between family physicians and nursing professionals.

The aim of this study was to assess the level of self-perceived influence on early detection of breast cancer among nurses and family physicians (FP) working in primary care and to identify the factors associated with a lower perception in each group. In the Autonomous Community of Madrid, an online questionnaire on cancer prevention was sent to a random sample of primary care professionals (3586 FP and nurses). The data included sex, age, profession, years in primary care, specific postgraduate training, and opinions and attitudes toward cancer prevention.

Characteristics of herpes zoster-associated hospitalizations in Madrid (SPAIN) before vaccine availability.

Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the frequency of hospitalizations due to herpes zoster (HZ) and to describe their clinical characteristics by sex and age group.

Methods: Descriptive population-based cross-sectional study of hospital admissions due to HZ from 2003 to 2013 among residents in the Autonomous Community of Madrid. Sex, age, comorbidities, length of stay and outcomes were collected and described.