Choledochal Malformations: Surgical Implications of Radiologic Findings.

Objective: The purpose of this article is to review the relevant pathophysiologic features, appearances, and surgical implications of choledochal malformations.

Conclusion: Choledochal malformations, colloquially called choledochal cysts, initially described in 1723, have been recategorized multiple times, the most widely accepted being the Todani classification based on morphologic features and location. Although readily applied to imaging findings, this classification system does not correlate well with clinical and surgical management.

Peptide profile of Coalho cheese: A contribution for Protected Designation of Origin (PDO).

Coalho cheese of Ceará and the Jaguaribe region of Brazil has been studied to determine its peptide profile. Peptides generated by the action of peptidases upon cheese proteins were separated by reverse-phase HPLC to give 28 fractions. Peptide sequencing after MS/MS fragmentation enabled the identification of 116 different peptides; 74 of them originated from β-casein, 4 from βA2-casein, 4 from βA3-casein, 25 from αS1-casein, 5 from αS2-casein, and 4 from κ-casein.

A comparison of hysteroscopic mechanical tissue removal with bipolar electrical resection for the management of endometrial polyps in an ambulatory care setting: preliminary results.

Study Objective: To assess and compare efficacy, pain, and the learning curve associated with diagnostic therapeutic hysteroscopy using mechanical tissue removal versus bipolar electrical resection in the management of endometrial polyps in an ambulatory care setting.

Design: A randomized controlled clinical trial (Canadian Task Force classification I).

Setting: Hospital de Igulada, Barcelona, Spain.

Disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterial infection in two children with different immune responses.

A diffuse, infiltrating abdominal mass accompanied with fever and anemia in a child raises the possibility of a benign or malignant tumor, pseudotumor, or infection. Herein, we describe a 9-year-old girl and a 14-year-old boy with multiple large abdominal masses, fever, weight loss, and anemia. During the evaluation of the children, the girl was found to be immunocompetent, while the boy was found to be immunocompromised.

Lysostaphin: A Staphylococcal Bacteriolysin with Potential Clinical Applications.

Lysostaphin is an antimicrobial agent belonging to a major class of antimicrobial peptides and proteins known as the bacteriocins. Bacteriocins are bacterial antimicrobial peptides which generally exhibit bactericidal activity against other bacteria. Bacteriocin production is a self-protection mechanism that helps the microorganisms to survive in their natural habitats.

Adaptative response of antioxidant enzymes in different areas of rat brain after repeated d-amphetamine administration.

d-Amphetamine has been shown to be a potential brain neurotoxic agent, particularly to dopaminergic neurones. Reactive oxygen species indirectly generated by this drug have been indicated as an important factor in the appearance of neuronal damage but little is known about the adaptations of brain antioxidant systems to its chronic administration. In this study, the activities of several antioxidant enzymes in different areas of rat brain were measured after repeated administration of d-amphetamine sulphate (sc, 20 mg/kg/day, for 14 days), namely glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GRed), catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD).